馬已僭越「主要佔領國」權威

2011/06/17閱讀時間約 14 分鐘

Ma Ying-jeou has overstepped the legal authority of the Principal Occupying Power of SFPT

The President Ma Ying-jeou (MYJ) was interviewed by Associated Press last October, in which he revealed that he is going to conclude political agreement with China during his next term. He denied it and said it was a translation error by AP. However, MYJ when he raised “the Basic Treaty” between West and East Germany in 1972 to promote Ma’s “mutual non-recognition of sovereignty and mutual non-denial of jurisdiction” with Beijing when he received the vice Chair of Germany Parliament Dr. Hermann Otto Solms on June 14.

MYJ’s attitude of changing Taiwan’s status unilaterally and forcing Taiwan becoming a part of China never alters.

In fact, the occupant authorities had held the highest power over the diplomatic as well as military power of Germany from the defeat of the Third Reich on Jun 5, 1945 to the conclusion of the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany on September 12, 1991.

The Allies instructed “Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany and the Assumption of Supreme Authority by Allied Powers” on June 5, 1945, in which they confirmed that the US, UK, USSR and the Provisional Government of the French Republic “… assume supreme authority with respect to Germany, including all the powers possessed by the German Government, the High Command and any state, municipal, or local government or authority.” [1]
The West Germany started the schedule of rebuilding from 1946. The occupation authorities first established Länder or states by proclamations and instructions within the Tri-Zone during 1946-1947. Then the Tri-Zone military governments instructed Länder with “the Frankfurt documents”[2], which was derived from the statement and principles set in the Six-Powers London Conference on June 7 1948. The Frankfurt Documents comprised three Documents: “I: Constituent Assembly, “II: Land Boundaries,” “III: Occupation Statute.” The military governors held the power as “Conduct or direct for the time being Germany's foreign relations” and “Ensure the observance of the constitutions which they have approved” etc. Pursuant to the Documents, the Allies allowed Länder to draft the federal constitution for the West Germany. After the approval of military governors, the Grundgesetz or the Basic Law came into force. The Federal Republic of Germany, known as the West Germany established. The West Germany together with the East, representing Germany as a whole, were admitted to membership in the United Nations on the very same day September 13, 1973.

Not until September 12, 1990 the occupant authorities renounced all their legal power over Germany in the “Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany”[3], Germany restored its full sovereignty referring to the internal and external affairs ever since. It took 46 long years to complete the re-building of Germany.

Any of the two German states have not yet restored the full sovereignty in 1972 when the West Germany concluded the Basic Treaty with the East. The West engaged with the East was not domestic affairs between both sides. It was an incident under the context of partition occupation, the related military government, the diplomacy of the Federal Germany to the East Europe or “Ostpolitik” besides the changing relations of the West-East from confrontation to détente during 60s-70s. The relations between ROC and PRC does not resemble to that of German states. Being a PhD. of international law, MYJ made the judgment that the exiled Chinese regime at Taipei or Chinese Taipei could overstep the legitimate authority of the Principal Occupying Power, which stipulated in the Treaty of Peace with Japan. He then misunderstands that the parties across the Strait or Taipei and Beijing can decide the status of Formosan and the Pescadores if they want to do so.

Can MYJ engage with Beijing under the circumstances below: honoring the international treaties, understanding the fact that ROC no longer exists in international community, facing the status quo of Formosa and the Pescadores, and standing firmly by the US-Japan mutual cooperation and security stance, if the history of the Federal Republic of Germany still means anything to MYJ.

[1] http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/hoon-ting/article?mid=14337&prev=14350&l=f&fid=43 accessed on 2011/06/17

[2] http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/hoon-ting/article?mid=22775&prev=22776&next=22774 accessed on 2011/06/17

[3] http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/hoon-ting/article?mid=18584&prev=18588&next=18582&l=d&fid=22 accessed on 2011/06/17

馬已僭越「主要佔領國」權威

去年十月馬總統接受美聯社專訪曾脫口說出連任後將與中國簽署政治協議。事後他雖改口否認；殊不知

6月14日接見德國國會副議長，馬總統又攀援1972年兩德間〈基礎關係條約〉，強推「相互不承認主權，相互不否認治權」的主張。

馬完全不理會民意，企圖片面改變台灣地位（亟欲統一）的心，可真始終如一！

事實上，從戰後到德國統一的46年間，西方佔領當局始終握有西德外交國防的最高權力。

1945年6月5日盟軍在〈有關打敗德國與盟國負起最高權力之聲明〉確立（美蘇英法）「負起有關德國最高權力之責任，包括德國政府與軍部、各州、地區與地方政府或當局的所有權力。」英美法軍政府先於1946-47年在西佔區成立各邦（Länder）政府，再轉頒1948年「六國倫敦會議」結論成為包括保留軍事總督權力、指導德國的外交、保證西德遵守憲法等原則的〈法蘭克福文件〉（"Frankfurter" Dokumente），並授權各邦啟動制憲程序。最後，軍事總督（行政長官）批准了〈基本法〉（Grundgesetz）並建立聯邦德國（西德）。1973年9月18日與東德同日加入聯合國共同代表一個完整的德國主權。

直到1990年9月12日〈有關德國最終解決條約〉第七條(1)「（法蘇英美）在此終止對於柏林以及對於完整德國之權利與責任。相對於此，終止四方之相關協定、決策和慣例所有四強之相關組織組織亦解散。」與(2)「統一的德國應因此擁有其對內與對外事務之完整主權。」佔領當局才放棄所有權力並解散，德國始擁有內外事務的完整主權。

從分區佔領、成立西德各邦（臨時）政府起，德國的政治重建花了46年才完成。

兩德簽署〈基礎關係條約〉的1972年，德國尚未恢復完整主權。雙方交往必須放在分區佔領、掌握外交最終權力的佔領當局、對東歐的東進政策，甚至60至70年代整體東西陣營從對抗到和解的架構下理解。兩德關係與ROC、PRC間完全無法比擬，也無涉。但身為國際法研究者，馬卻以為流亡的「中國人台北政權」（Chinese Taipei）可凌駕與僭越〈舊金山和約〉主要佔領國（美國）的法定權威與北京當局私相授受台澎主權。

若西德經驗對馬有任何意義的話，就請：遵守國際條約許諾、認清ROC在國際間已不存在的事實、正視台灣國際地位的本質，並站穩美日安保立場後與中國接觸。

【孿生文章】兩德中台無法比