Attitudes and Movements

Air Exercise 5 - Attitudes and Movements

Definition

1. Attitude： Describes the airplane's orientation relative to the horizon.
2. Movement： They are the motions that result in changes of attitude.

AIM of this air exercises.

1. Aircraft normally operated.
2. How to movements necessary to achieve and maintain the desired attitudes of flight produced and controlled?

What is your Motivation?

1. Constantly and continually be applied during every flight.
2. Everything depends on it.

Before moving on, something you should know.

1. Aircraft components.
2. Cockpit instruments.
3. Horizon

Four Attitudes

1. Cruise attitude: the aircraft attitude for level flight at constant altitude and airspeed. Using the recommended power setting. Wings are parallel to the horizon. it's the reference attitude. All other attitudes are variations from this attitude.
2. Nose-up attitude: any attitude of the nose of the aircraft above the reference datum(horizon).
3. Nose-down attitude: any attitude of the nose of the aircraft below the horizon.
4. Bank attitude: wing of aircraft inclined relative level.

Three Movements

Movements -- Axis -- Control Surface -- Pilot input

1. Pitch -- Lateral -- Elevator -- Yoke forward or backward
2. Roll -- Longitudinal -- Ailerons -- Yoke left or right
3. Yaw -- Vertical -- Rudder -- Rudder pedal

• all three movements are around the Center of Gravity (CG).
• Yaw is only for controlling.
• Failure to control yaw may cause a slip or skid.

Summary (Chinese Version)

在進入駕駛艙前，必須要先了解飛機的運作方式，四種Attitudes與三種Movements，更是入門的第一堂課，所有飛行都是有最基本的這幾個觀念構成，在進入駕駛艙之前，飛機的組件和儀表也是相當重要的環節，在不同Attitudes情況下，也可以稍微觀察儀表的變化，讓自己更快速熟悉飛機的儀表，之後會做幾篇有關於飛機組件和儀表的文章，打穩基礎才能好好地走下一步。