如何在 Ubuntu 20.04 主機上安裝 WordPress (2021)

1. 建立 WordPress 資料庫
2. 安裝 Wordpress
3. 解決 佈景主題 外掛 無法安裝問題
4. 解決 永久連結 無法使用 問題
5. 手動 安裝 SSL 憑證

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$ sudo tar xvzf latest-zh_TW.tar.gz

$ sudo cp -r wordpress/* /var/www/html

$ cd /var/www/html

$ sudo mv index.html _index.html

$ sudo vim /var/www/html/wp-config.php

解決方式 WordPress

$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/wp-content/



$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/wp-includes/

$ sudo vim /var/www/html/wp-config.php

define('FS_METHOD', 'direct');

$ sudo service apache2 restart



$ sudo service mysql restart

WordPress .htaccess 修改問題

$ sudo vim /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

<Directory />

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all denied

</Directory>



<Directory /usr/share>

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

</Directory>



<Directory /var/www/>

        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride all

        Require all granted

</Directory>

$ sudo vim /var/www/html/.htaccess

$ sudo chmod 777 -R /var/www/html/.htaccess

$ sudo a2enmod rewrite

$ sudo service apache2 restart



$ sudo service mysql restart

1. 要有Public IP
2. 要註冊域名

$ sudo apt install python3-certbot-apache -y



$ sudo certbot --apache -d my.domain

roy@royt20210801:~$ sudo certbot --apache -d web.gcproy.ml



Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

Plugins selected: Authenticator apache, Installer apache

Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to

cancel): abcde@gmail.com (一定要輸入email)



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Please read the Terms of Service at

https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must

agree in order to register with the ACME server at

https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory

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(A)gree/(C)ancel: a



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Would you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier

Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit

organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work

encrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.

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(Y)es/(N)o: y

Obtaining a new certificate

Performing the following challenges:

http-01 challenge for web.gcproy.ml

Waiting for verification...

Cleaning up challenges

Created an SSL vhost at /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default-le-ssl.conf

Enabled Apache socache_shmcb module

Enabled Apache ssl module

Deploying Certificate to VirtualHost /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default-le                              -ssl.conf

Enabling available site: /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default-le-ssl.conf



Please choose whether or not to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS, removing HTTP ac                              cess.

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1: No redirect - Make no further changes to the webserver configuration.

2: Redirect - Make all requests redirect to secure HTTPS access. Choose this for

new sites, or if you're confident your site works on HTTPS. You can undo this

change by editing your web server's configuration.

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Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 1

Future versions of Certbot will automatically configure the webserver so that al                              l requests redirect to secure HTTPS access. You can control this behavior and di                              sable this warning with the --redirect and --no-redirect flags.



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Congratulations! You have successfully enabled https://web.gcproy.ml



You should test your configuration at:

https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=web.gcproy.ml

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IMPORTANT NOTES:

 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:

   /etc/letsencrypt/live/web.gcproy.ml/fullchain.pem

   Your key file has been saved at:

   /etc/letsencrypt/live/web.gcproy.ml/privkey.pem

   Your cert will expire on 2021-10-30. To obtain a new or tweaked

   version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again

   with the "certonly" option. To non-interactively renew *all* of

   your certificates, run "certbot renew"

 - Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot

   configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a

   secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will

   also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so

   making regular backups of this folder is ideal.

 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:



   Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate

   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le



roy@royt20210801:~$

$ sudo certbot renew --dry-run

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結語