以下是一些使用 whom 的造句範例,涵蓋正式、日常對話以及不同語境的用法:
正式語境
- To whom it may concern: (致相關人士:)—— 常用於正式書信的開頭。
- The lawyer, whom I trust deeply, gave me valuable advice. (那位我非常信任的律師給了我寶貴的建議。)
- With whom did you have the discussion about the project? (你和誰討論了這個項目?)
- The candidate, about whom we had concerns, proved to be the best choice. (我們曾有顧慮的那位候選人證明是最佳選擇。)
學術或書面語
- The author, whom the critics praised, won a prestigious award. (那位受到評論家讚揚的作者贏得了知名獎項。)
- This is the scientist whom the committee has invited to speak at the conference. (這是委員會邀請來大會演講的科學家。)
口語化但仍帶有正式語氣
- Whom did you meet at the event last night? (昨晚的活動你遇見了誰?)
- Whom are you planning to call for help? (你打算向誰尋求幫助?)
- She is the person whom everyone admires in the team. (她是團隊中每個人都欽佩的人。)
被動語態
- Whom was the award given to? (這個獎是頒給誰的?)
- Whom were the instructions sent to yesterday? (昨天這些指示是發給誰的?)
古典或正式表達
- Whomsoever you choose, ensure they are qualified for the role. (無論你選擇誰,請確保他們有資格擔任這個角色。)
- Whom shall I say is calling? (請問是誰打來的?)—— 常見於正式電話用語。
注意:口語中替代用法
在日常對話中,尤其是現代英文,whom 常被 who 所取代,例如:
- Whom are you speaking to? → 口語中更常說 Who are you speaking to?
這些造句展示了 whom 在不同場合的靈活用法,幫助您更好地理解並應用!
以下是「To whom did you mail your application for the government subsidy?」的不同版本改寫,涵蓋正式與口語化的表達方式:
正式表達
- Whom did you mail your application for the government subsidy to? (將介係詞移至句尾,仍保持正式語氣,但略少書面感。)
- To whom was your application for the government subsidy mailed? (被動語態,用於更強調行動的對象。)
- Whom was your application for the government subsidy mailed to? (被動語態的口語化表達。)
口語化表達
- Who did you mail your application for the government subsidy to? (使用 who 替代 whom,為日常會話中更常見的用法。)
- Who was your application for the government subsidy sent to? (被動語態,口語中簡潔而自然。)
- Who did you send your application for the government subsidy to? (使用動詞 send 替代 mail,更加常用於日常表達。)
正式/學術用法
- To which person did you mail your application for the government subsidy? (以 "which person" 替代 "whom",顯得更加具體,常用於學術或正式環境。)
- To what recipient did you mail your application for the government subsidy? (以 "recipient" 指代收件人,適用於較正式的商務或學術場合。)
簡化句子
- Who received your application for the government subsidy? (間接問法,將主語改為收件人,簡潔明了。)
- Where did you send your application for the government subsidy? (用 where 強調地點,而非具體對象。)
- Who got your application for the government subsidy? (非正式語氣,使用動詞 get,更適合口語。)
以上版本提供正式、口語、簡化等多種風格,您可根據需求選擇適合的表達方式!
這道題目考察的是疑問代名詞(Interrogative Pronoun) 的正確用法,特別是用於不同句法結構中的功能(主詞、受詞、所有格)。
題目解析
- 句意理解 問句翻譯為:你到底把政府補助申請表寄給誰? 問句的關鍵在於 to 是介係詞,後面需要一個受詞來完成語意。 問句結構: To ____________ did you mail your application for the government subsidy? 這表明需要用一個能作 to 的受詞的關係代名詞。
選項分析
(A) whom (正解)
- whom 是用作人的 受詞 的關係代名詞/疑問代名詞。
- to 是介係詞,因此後面需要搭配 受詞,正確用法為: To whom did you mail your application?
(B) who
- who 是用作人的 主詞 的關係代名詞/疑問代名詞,不能直接作為 to 的受詞。
- 若用 who 則需改寫句子結構,如: Who did you mail your application to?
- 這是另一種較口語化的表達,但不符合本題的正式用法。
(C) whose
- whose 是人的 所有格,表示 "誰的",後面應接名詞。
- 例如: Whose application did you mail? (你寄出了誰的申請表?)
- 因此 whose 不符合本句語意與結構。
(D) which
- which 用於物或人,表示在特定選項中進行選擇的關係代名詞,通常需搭配名詞。
- 例如: Which form did you mail? (你寄出了哪一份表格?)
- 在本題中,先行詞為 "人" 並無選擇性,故 which 不適用。
正確答案
(A) whom
完整句子:To whom did you mail your application for the government subsidy?
補充說明
1. whom 的正式性與常見用法
- 在正式英文中,介係詞(如 to, for, with 等)應置於疑問代名詞 whom 的前面: To whom are you speaking? (你在和誰說話?)
- 然而,在口語或較不正式的英文中,介係詞通常置於句尾: Who are you speaking to?
2. who 和 whom 的簡單區分
- who:主詞,用於執行動作的人。 例:Who is coming to the meeting?
- whom:受詞,用於承受動作的人。 例:Whom did you see at the event?
3. 常見句型搭配
- 主詞: Who wrote the letter?
- 受詞: Whom did you call? / To whom did you speak?
- 所有格: Whose book is this?
類似題型練習
- To ____________ should I address this letter? 正解:whom(介係詞 to + 受詞)
- __________ did you meet at the conference? 正解:whom(受詞)
- __________ application form is this? 正解:whose(所有格)
希望這些解析對您理解相關用法有所幫助!