Key Competences in the European Reference Framework: An Acad

Key Competences in the European Reference Framework: An Academic Overview and Societal Implications

Overview / 概述

The European Reference Framework for Key Competences for Lifelong Learning outlines a set of eight key competences that are deemed essential for personal development, active citizenship, social inclusion, and employment in the European context. These competences are intended to be acquired by all individuals throughout their lifetime, regardless of their educational background.

歐洲終身學習關鍵能力的參考框架概述了一組八項被認為對個人發展、積極公民身份、社會包容和就業在歐洲語境中至關重要的關鍵能力。這些能力應由所有人在其一生中習得，不論他們的教育背景如何。

The Eight Key Competences / 八項關鍵能力

1. Communication in the mother tongue
2. Communication in foreign languages
3. Mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology
4. Digital competence
5. Learning to learn
6. Social and civic competences
7. Initiative and entrepreneurship
8. Cultural awareness and expression
9. 母語溝通
10. 外語溝通
11. 數學能力和科學技術的基本能力
12. 數位能力
13. 學會學習
14. 社會和公民能力
15. 主動性和創業精神
16. 文化意識和表達

Societal Implications / 社會影響

The European Reference Framework aims to standardize educational outcomes across EU member states. It serves as a guide for educational policymakers, institutions, and individuals, thereby shaping educational practices and societal values.

歐洲參考框架旨在使歐盟會員國的教育結果達到標準化。它為教育政策制定者、機構和個人提供指導，從而塑造教育實踐和社會價值觀。

References / 參考文獻

European Commission. (2006). Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 on key competences for lifelong learning. Official Journal of the European Union.

歐洲委員會. (2006). 關於終身學習的關鍵能力的歐洲議會和理事會的建議. 歐洲聯盟官方報告.