不間斷 Python 挑戰 Day 12 - 函數 (Function)

1. 讓程式開發者可依照程式區塊的功能，包裝成較小單位的程式碼。
2. 讓重覆使用的程式區塊可以被獨立出來，以較為精簡的方式被呼叫取用。

函數

def 函數名稱():
函數內容

def hello():
　　print("Hello World!")

hello()

Hello World!

傳遞一個參數(parameter)的函數

def 函數名稱(參數):
函數內容

def hello_to_someone(name):
　　print(f"Hello {name}!")
hello_to_someone(input("What's your name? "))

What's your name? WJ
Hello WJ!

傳遞多個參數的函數

def 函數名稱(參數1, 參數2, 參數3, ...):
　 函數內容

def personal_info(name, height, weight):
　　print(f"Hello {name}!")
　　print(f"Your height is {height}!")
　　print(f"Your weight is {weight}!")
info_name = input("What's your name? ")
info_height = input("Height? ")
info_weight = input("Weight? ")
personal_info(info_name, info_height, info_weight)

What's your name? WJ
Height? 180
Weight? 75
Hello WJ!
Your height is 180!
Your weight is 75!

personal_info(info_name, info_weight, info_height)

What's your name? WJ
Height? 180
Weight? 75
Hello WJ!
Your height is 75!
Your weight is 180!

personal_info(name=info_name, weight=info_weight, height=info_height)

參數預設值

def personal_info(name, height, weight, birthplace="Taiwan"):
　　print(f"Hello {name}!")
　　print(f"Your height is {height}!")
　　print(f"Your weight is {weight}!")
　　print(f"Your birthplace is {birthplace}")

personal_info(name="小明", height=176, weight=60)

Hello 小明!
Your height is 176!
Your weight is 60!
Your birthplace is Taiwan

personal_info(name="小華", height=160, weight=55, birthplace="Japan")

Hello 小華!
Your height is 160!
Your weight is 55!
Your birthplace is Japan

def personal_info(name, height, birthplace="Taiwan", weight):
　　print(f"Hello {name}!")
　　print(f"Your height is {height}!")
　　print(f"Your weight is {weight}!")
　　print(f"Your birthplace is {birthplace}")

函數回傳值

def personal_info(name, height, weight, birthplace="Taiwan"):
　　print(f"Hello {name}!")
　　print(f"Your height is {height}!")
　　print(f"Your weight is {weight}!")
　　print(f"Your birthplace is {birthplace}")
　　return [name, height, weight, birthplace]
personal_info_list = personal_info(name="小明", height=176, weight=60)
print(personal_info_list)

Hello 小明!
Your height is 176!
Your weight is 60!
Your birthplace is Taiwan
['小明', 176, 60, 'Taiwan']

程式範例