113學年臺灣大學心理系轉學考 - 普通心理學(22)

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If a number of people confronted with an emergency situation are in a state of "plurastic ignorance"
(A) most will perceive the situation correctly but wait for someone else to intervence.
(B) all will be less likely to see the situation as an emergency.
(C) few will respond for fear of what others will say.
(D) most will not respond, believing someone else already has done so.
如果一群人在面對緊急情況時處於「多元無知」的狀態,會發生什麼情況?
(A) 大多數人會正確判斷情況,但會等待其他人先介入
(B) 所有人都比較不可能把這種情況視為緊急狀況
(C) 很少人會行動,因為害怕別人的看法
(D) 大多數人不會採取行動,因為他們認為已經有人處理了

這題在探討社會心理,以下分別介紹三類別:

責任分散(Diffusion of Responsibility)
人們認為別人會先行動,因此不採取行動。例如:看到情侶在路上打架,都會認為有人已經打了110,而不再多管

多元無知(Pluralistic Ignorance)
每個人都根據他人行為誤判情況不緊急,例如:地震來時大家都不跑,可能會誤認為地震不大不用逃

從眾行為(Conformity)
擔心被他人評價或認為自己反應過度。例如:朋友都說電影很好看,我卻覺得很難看,但我不會說出來,也開始讚美電影

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