App 自動化測試（二）Docker 安裝與使用

前言

Docker 安裝

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install \

    ca-certificates \

    curl \

    gnupg

sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

echo \

  "deb [arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \

  "$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \

  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

sudo docker run hello-world

...

Hello from Docker!

This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.

 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.

    (amd64)

 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the

    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.

 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it

    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:

 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:

 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:

 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

Docker 基本操作

察看容器運作狀態

基本語法

sudo docker ps

全部顯示容器包含停止狀態的，就加 -a

sudo docker ps -a

容器的狀態與管理

容器狀態大致可以用上圖表示

獲得容器ID

首先要獲得容器的ID，在創建或者執行後，就能用 PS 指令看到

$ sudo docker ps

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                           COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS        PORTS                                       NAMES

b964347efaf9   redroid/redroid:11.0.0-latest   "/init qemu=1 androi…"   13 hours ago   Up 12 hours   0.0.0.0:5555->5555/tcp, :::5555->5555/tcp   redroid11

其中的 b964347efaf9 就是容器ID

啟動停止重啟容器

啟動容器

sudo docker start [容器ID]

停止容器

sudo docker stop [容器ID]

重啟容器

sudo docker restart [容器ID]

替容器取名字

sudo docker rename [容器ID] [容器新名字]

之後就能用新名字來對容器下啟動、停止等指令了

清除容器服務的資料

參考來源：如何删除所有 Docker 镜像——Docker 清理指南 (freecodecamp.org)

察看目前資料佔用空間

sudo docker system df

察看佔用空間詳細版

sudo docker system df -v

系統等級的清理

sudo docker system prune -a

系統等級的清理但保留有下標籤的

sudo docker system prune

小結