多益考試中,意志動詞(Volitional Verbs)是常考的語法點,特別是在測試句子結構和動詞搭配時。這類動詞表達建議、要求、命令、規定或堅持等意圖,通常搭配 that 子句,並且 that 子句中的動詞多以原形(base form)出現。以下是詳細介紹和常見的例子:
1. 建議 (Suggest, Recommend, Propose)
常見意志動詞
- Suggest(建議)
- Recommend(推薦)
- Propose(提議)
句型
- 動詞 + that + 主詞 + 原形動詞
- 例句: The manager suggested that the report be revised before submission. (經理建議在提交前修改報告。) She recommended that we attend the workshop. (她建議我們參加這個研討會。)
2. 要求 (Request, Demand, Ask)
常見意志動詞
- Request(要求)
- Demand(要求)
- Ask(要求)
句型
- 動詞 + that + 主詞 + 原形動詞
- 例句: The client demanded that the payment be made immediately. (客戶要求立即付款。) He requested that the meeting start at 9 a.m. (他要求會議在上午九點開始。)
3. 命令 (Order, Command, Require)
常見意志動詞
- Order(命令)
- Command(命令)
- Require(規定)
句型
- 動詞 + that + 主詞 + 原形動詞
- 例句: The supervisor ordered that all employees complete the training by next week. (主管命令所有員工在下週前完成培訓。) The policy requires that all visitors wear identification badges. (政策規定所有訪客都必須佩戴識別證。)
4. 規定 (Insist, Rule, Stipulate, Specify)
常見意志動詞
- Insist(堅持/規定)
- Rule(規定)
- Stipulate(明確規定)
- Specify(明確要求)
句型
- 動詞 + that + 主詞 + 原形動詞
- 例句: The manager insisted that the team follow the guidelines. (經理堅持團隊遵守指導方針。) The contract stipulates that the goods be delivered within 30 days. (合同規定貨物必須在30天內交付。)
5. 堅持 (Insist, Urge, Persist)
常見意志動詞
- Insist(堅持)
- Urge(敦促)
- Persist(堅持)
句型
- 動詞 + that + 主詞 + 原形動詞
- 例句: She insisted that he apologize for the mistake. (她堅持要求他為錯誤道歉。) They urged that the project proceed without delay. (他們敦促項目立即進行。)
6. 其他常見的意志動詞
表達建議
- Advise(建議) 例句: The consultant advised that we focus on quality improvement. (顧問建議我們專注於品質改進。)
表達鼓勵
- Encourage(鼓勵) 例句: The CEO encouraged that all staff participate in the event. (CEO 鼓勵所有員工參與活動。)
表達懇求
- Plead(懇求) 例句: The defendant pleaded that he be given another chance. (被告懇求再給他一次機會。)
意志動詞的語法重點
- that 子句中的動詞用原形 不論主詞是單數還是複數,動詞形式保持原形。 例:The manager insists that she attend the meeting. (經理堅持她參加會議。)
- that 可省略 在非正式語境中,that 有時會被省略。 例:He demanded we leave immediately. (他要求我們立即離開。)
- 被動結構 有時意志動詞的 that 子句會用被動語態。 例:It was suggested that the proposal be approved. (建議該提案被通過。)
多益應試技巧
- 熟記意志動詞清單: 建議:suggest, recommend, propose 要求:request, demand, ask 命令:order, require, insist 規定:stipulate, specify
- 熟悉動詞搭配句型: 動詞 + that + 主詞 + 原形動詞 特別注意原形動詞的使用。
- 練習實際句子: 在閱讀文章或題目時,觀察意志動詞的使用,並記錄常見表達。
- 小測驗: The teacher recommended that the students ________ the assignment on time. (答案:submit)
若需要更多範例或練習題,請隨時告知!