From Catch-22 (1961), Joseph Heller
Catch-22. Anyone who wants to get out of combat duty isn't really crazy.
"There was only one catch and that was Catch-22, which specified that a concern for one's own safety in the face of dangers that were real and immediate was the process of a rational mind. Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions. Orr would be crazy to fly more missions and sane if he didn't, but if he was sane, he had to fly them. If he flew them, he was crazy and didn't have to; but if he didn't want to, he was sane and had to. Yossarian was moved very deeply by the absolute simplicity of this clause of Catch-22 and let out a respectful whistle."
第22條軍規：「任何想逃離作戰任務的人都不是真的瘋了。」
用來描述一個循環的邏輯矛盾。
常見的例子是：
「求職要求會註明：『我們歡迎任何有心想學的新人。』但資歷條件是『有兩年以上工作經驗。』」
上述情形某種程度就符合第22條軍規的狀況：
我如果是新人，就滿足前項條件，受到該公司歡迎
但該公司要求『先有兩年以上工作經驗，』新人就不符合
但該公司又歡迎任何有心想學的新人，但工作經驗不滿兩年
因此不予錄取
這就是經典的「新進者矛盾。」
