每日英語 #037: Social Workers
Social Workers
Social workers help people “cope with” (deal with something difficult or unpleasant) challenges in every “stage” (section) of their lives. They help with a wide range of situations, such as “adopting a child” (bringing a child not related to one by blood officially into one’s family) or being “diagnosed” (identified as having) with a “terminal illness” (sickness that will eventually lead to death). Social workers work with many “populations” (types of people), including children, people with “disabilities” (physical or mental problems or limitations), and people with “addictions” (reliant on alcohol or drugs).
社工幫助人們「應對」（處理困難或不愉快的事情）生活中每個「階段」（部分）中的挑戰。他們幫助處理各種情況，例如「領養孩子」（正式將沒有血緣關係的孩子帶入家庭）或被「診斷」（確定患有）「絕症」（最終會導致死亡的疾病）。社工與許多「群體」（不同類型的人）合作，包括兒童、殘障人士（身體或精神問題或限制）和「成癮者」（依賴酒精或毒品的人）。
There are two main types of social workers: direct-service social workers and clinical social workers. Direct-service social workers help people solve and cope with problems in their everyday lives. Clinical social workers diagnose and treat mental, behavioral, and emotional issues.
社工主要有兩種類型：直接服務社工和臨床社工。直接服務社工幫助人們解決和應對日常生活中的問題。臨床社工則診斷和治療心理、行為和情感問題。
Although most social workers work in an office, they may spend a lot of time away from the office visiting “clients” (customers; users of their services). School social workers may be assigned to “multiple” (more than one) schools and travel around the “school district” (several schools under the same management) to see students.
儘管大多數社工在辦公室工作，他們可能會花很多時間外出拜訪「客戶」（服務的使用者）。學校社工可能會被分配到「多所」（多於一所）學校，並在「學區」（由同一管理機構管理的多所學校）內四處奔波看望學生。
A bachelor’s degree in social work (BSW) is the most common requirement for “entry-level” (beginning of a career; low-level) positions. However, some employers may hire workers who have a bachelor’s degree in a related field, such as “psychology” (study of the human mind) or “sociology” (study of human society).
社工學士學位（BSW）是「入門級」（職業初期；低級）職位的最常見要求。然而，一些僱主可能會僱用擁有相關領域學士學位的員工，例如「心理學」（研究人類心智）或「社會學」（研究人類社會）。
Getting a license to work as a social worker “varies” (is different) by state. All states have some type of licensure or certification requirement, but “typically” (usually), becoming a licensed clinical social worker requires a master’s degree in social work and two years or 3,000 hours of “supervised clinical experience” (experience working with clients while being supervised by someone more experienced) after graduation. After completing their supervised experience, clinical social workers must pass an exam to be licensed.
獲得社工工作執照在各州「有所不同」（不同）。所有州都有某種形式的執照或認證要求，但「通常」（通常），成為持證的臨床社工需要社工碩士學位以及畢業後兩年或3,000小時的「受監督臨床經驗」（在更有經驗者監督下與客戶工作的經驗）。完成受監督的經驗後，臨床社工必須通過考試才能獲得執照。
重要單字
- Cope with /koʊp wɪð/ 應對
- Stage /steɪdʒ/ 階段
- Adopting a child /əˈdɑːptɪŋ ə tʃaɪld/ 領養孩子
- Diagnosed /ˈdaɪəɡnoʊzd/ 診斷
- Terminal illness /ˈtɜrmɪnəl ˈɪlnəs/ 絕症
- Populations /ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz/ 群體
- Disabilities /ˌdɪsəˈbɪlətiz/ 殘障
- Addictions /əˈdɪkʃənz/ 成癮
- Direct-service /dɪˈrɛkt-ˈsɜrvɪs/ 直接服務
- Clinical /ˈklɪnɪkəl/ 臨床
- Clients /ˈklaɪənts/ 客戶
- Multiple /ˈmʌltəpəl/ 多所
- School district /skul ˈdɪstrɪkt/ 學區
- Entry-level /ˈɛntri-ˈlɛvəl/ 入門級
- Psychology /saɪˈkɑlədʒi/ 心理學
- Sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑlədʒi/ 社會學
- Varies /ˈvɛriz/ 有所不同
- Typically /ˈtɪpɪkli/ 通常
- Supervised clinical experience /ˈsuːpərvaɪzd ˈklɪnɪkəl ɪkˈspɪriəns/ 受監督臨床經驗
