聯合王國與歐盟法律如何影響女王？●雲程譯

聯合王國與歐盟法律如何影響女王？●雲程譯

大家總會疑惑：既然所有法律都以女王之名發佈，那法律如何適用在女王身上？

在聯合王國的法律下，由於歷史的發展讓主權者成為正義的根源（Fount of Justice），民事或刑事訴訟都不得對抗主權者個人。國會的法案不適用到女王個人的地位上，除非有白紙黑字的規定。

但是，女王審慎的確保她地位的所有行為，嚴格的依法而為。

根據1947年〈王權訴訟法〉（he Crown Proceedings Act），民事訴訟得在公共職地位上對抗王權（這通常意味著對以女王之名組成的民選政府部門與機構提起訴訟）。

在歐盟法律上，歐盟法律透過聯合王國的國內法庭被行使到聯合王國。因而，歐盟法律不會被使用到女王個人地位上。

但即使無此機制，結果都是一樣的──女王都會一絲不茍地遵守歐盟法律的規定。

身為聯合王國的國民，女王是歐盟的公民，但並不影響女王作為一個主權者的特權與責任。

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How UK and EU law affect The Queen●The Official Website of the British Monarch

People often wonder whether laws apply to The Queen, since they are made in her name.

Given the historical development of the Sovereign as the 'Fount of Justice', civil and criminal proceedings cannot be taken against the Sovereign as a person under UK law.  Acts of Parliament do not apply to The Queen in her personal capacity unless they are expressly stated to do so.

However, The Queen is careful to ensure that all her activities in her personal capacity are carried out in strict accordance with the law.

Under the Crown Proceedings Act (1947), civil proceedings can be taken against the Crown in its public capacity (this usually means proceedings against government departments and agencies, as the elected Government governs in The Queen's name).

In the case of European Union law, laws are enforced in the United Kingdom through the United Kingdom's national courts.  There is therefore no machinery by which European law can be applied to The Queen in her personal capacity.

However, it makes no difference that there is no such mechanism, as The Queen will in any event scrupulously observe the requirements of EU law.

As a national of the United Kingdom, The Queen is a citizen of the European Union, but that in no way affects her prerogatives and responsibilities as the Sovereign.

http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Queenandthelaw/HowUKandEUlawaffectTheQueen.aspx