作戰或殺人?戰爭法適用的有無
【Comment】
JSDF in conformity with the Hague Conventions of 1907.
The Article 1 of the Annex to the Hague IV Conventions thus stipulated:
The laws, rights, and duties of war apply not only to armies, but also to militia and volunteer corps fulfilling the following conditions:
1. To be commanded by a person responsible for his subordinates;
2. To have a fixed distinctive emblem recognizable at a distance;
3. To carry arms openly; and
4. To conduct their operations in accordance with the laws and customs of war.
In countries where militia or volunteer corps constitute the army, or form part of it, they are included under the denomination "army."
In the interview by Asahi TV, Abe Shinzo, the possible next premier of Japan, noted that the hostile party to Japan would charge JSDF personnel that fight and kill with first grade murder, if JSDF is not recognized as an Army. That is a fatal and morale flaw to JSDF in terms of war. revised on 20121127
日本,一如所有的先進國家,是遵守法律的。自衛隊,實際上已符合1907年〈海牙陸戰公約〉附件第一條規定,即:戰爭法律、權利和義務不僅僅適用於軍隊,在下述條件下亦適用至國民兵、志願軍:為下屬負有指揮責任的人員;在遠距離即可辨識之固定標誌;公開攜帶武器,以及;實施符合戰爭法與戰爭習慣法之行動;在以國民兵、志願軍組成軍隊或組成軍隊一部份的國家中,並被軍隊所管制。
但安倍提及的「如果是軍隊,俘虜能得到(相應的)待遇,否則就是單純的殺人者」很嚴重──說明敵方可以以謀殺罪刑而判處自衛隊戰俘死刑(傭兵不受戰爭法保護)的狀況。無交戰權,這會是自衛隊進行作戰的死穴。
安倍認為要設“國防軍”需要制定交戰規定◎共同社(2011.11.26)
http://tchina.kyodonews.jp/news/2012/11/41989.html
【共同社11月26日電】日本自民党總裁安倍晉三25日參加電視節目,就該黨競選綱領提出的通過修憲使日本擁有“國防軍”一事表示,有必要制定交戰規定,“正式承認(自衛隊)是軍隊,在與外國交戰時依據交戰規定行動”。
自衛隊目前只有規定武器使用標準的“部隊行動標準”,沒有像他國那樣的交戰規定。關於《憲法》第九條規定的“不保持戰力,不承認國家的交戰權”,安倍指出:“讀起來就成了不能擁有軍隊,這令人費解。此處非常似是而非”。他還表示“如果是軍隊,俘虜能得到(相應的)待遇,否則就是單純的殺人者”,因此有必要把自衛隊定位為軍隊。(完)