作者Morgan Housel
這篇真的是我很愛很愛的一篇文章，跟大家分享
在現今資訊爆炸的時代，你的注意力就是最值錢的資產(某種程度上比你的金錢還有時間寶貴)
- 吸收資訊時問自己，一年後還會在意這個嗎，並特別注重永久性知識。
- 針對資訊，記憶故事、凸顯事實、跳過冗贅，不用給自己太大的壓力要全部記下來，只要記住關鍵就是你的勝利。
- 開放心態，遇到不同觀點，重點是那個人是你尊重的，通常符合這兩點，可能是值得你留意的資訊。我以前也是短線交易者(現在變長一點)，對一些長期投資者嗤之以鼻，直到看到巴菲特還有一些猛男的文章，才發現複利跟長期投資的重要，不論是在投資領域還是其他領域，只要持續學習跟開放心態，都會發現自己的盲點及不足，其實主要的原因就是這個世界太複雜以及人很容易受到各種行為謬誤的影響但不自知。
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Sherlock Holmes says in the book, The Study of Scarlet:
福爾摩斯在《血字的研究》一書中說：
I consider that a man’s brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose. A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best is jumbled up with a lot of other things so that he has a difficulty in laying his hands.
我認為一個人的大腦最初就像一個空蕩蕩的小閣樓，你必須用你選擇的傢俱來裝飾它。愚人會吸收他遇到的各種廢物，以至於對他有用的知識被擠出，或者最多只是與許多其他東西混在一起，以至於他很難掌握。
The best reading strategy I’ve come across is the idea of a wide funnel and tight filter. Be willing to read anything that looks even a little interesting, but abandon it quickly and without mercy if it’s not working for you.
我遇過的最佳閱讀策略是寬廣的漏斗和嚴格的過濾器的概念。願意閱讀任何看起來有點有趣的東西，但如果它對你沒有用，就要快速而毫不留情地放棄它。
Be choosy about what you let into your attic.
對於你允許進入閣樓的東西要挑剔。
A few other things I’ve found helpful in choosing what to pay attention to:
在選擇要關注的事情方面，我發現以下幾點很有幫助：
When reading an article, book, or report, ask, “Will I still care about this in a year?”
閱讀文章、書籍或報告時，問自己：「一年後我還會在意這個嗎？」
Five years? Ten? 五年？十年？
Most of the time you’ll realize you won’t care about whatever you’re reading in a week. It’s newsy – maybe it’s interesting, but it has an expiration date.
大多數時候，你會意識到你在一周後不會再關心你正在閱讀的內容。這是新聞性的 - 也許很有趣，但它有一個過期日期。
There are two types of knowledge: Expiring and permanent.
有兩種知識：即時性和永久性。
Expiring knowledge is things like quarterly earnings, election polls, market information, and politics. It catches more attention than it should, for two reasons. One, there’s a lot of it, eager to capture our short attention spans. Two, we chase it down, anxious to squeeze out insight before it loses relevance.
到期的知識是指季度收益、選舉民調、市場信息和政治等事物。它比應有的更受到關注，原因有兩個。一是有很多這樣的知識，渴望捕捉我們短暫的注意力。二是我們追逐它，急於在它失去關聯性之前擠出洞見。
Permanent knowledge tends to be principles and frameworks that help you make sense of expiring information.
永久的知識往往是原則和框架，可以幫助您理解即將過期的信息。
I read newspapers and books every day. I can not recall one thing I read in a newspaper from, say, 2011. But I can tell you details about a few great books I read in 2011 and how they changed how I think. I’ll remember them forever. I’ll keep reading newspapers. But if I read more books I’d probably develop better filters and frameworks that would help me make better sense of the news.
我每天都閱讀報紙和書籍。我想不起來我從2011年左右的報紙中讀到的任何一件事情。但我可以告訴你我在2011年讀過的一些好書的細節，以及它們如何改變了我的思維方式。我會永遠記得它們。我會繼續閱讀報紙。但如果我讀更多的書，我可能會發展出更好的過濾器和框架，這將有助於我更好地理解新聞。
Asking how long you’ll care about the information you read pushes you to focus on permanent things and care little about temporary things – a great mindset for long-term thinking.
詢問你會關注閱讀的資訊多久，會促使你專注於永久的事物，對暫時的事物不太關心 - 這是長期思考的一個很好的心態。
Memorize stories, highlight facts, skip the fluff
記憶故事，突顯事實，跳過冗贅。
There’s a line I love: People don’t remember books; they remember sentences.
我喜歡的一句話是：人們不會記得整本書，只會記得其中的句子。
More specifically, they remember stories.
更具體地說，他們記得故事。
Even in the best book you’ve ever read, what do you remember? A couple sentences, a few stories. Those sentences and stories might change your life, but they’re all you’ll take away from a book.
即使是你讀過最好的書，你記得什麼？幾句話，幾個故事。這些句子和故事可能會改變你的人生，但它們是你從一本書中帶走的全部。
I try to remember that when reading. For nearly every blog post and most non-fiction books: there is no need to devour and focus on every word. If I can remember a few great stories and epic lines, it’s a win.
當閱讀時，我試著記住這一點。對於幾乎每篇博客文章和大多數非小說書籍來說，沒有必要吞噬和專注於每個詞語。如果我能記住一些偉大的故事和史詩般的語句，那就是一個勝利。
Too many readers get too bogged down in details they’re never going to remember anyways, when they could have pulled a few memorable lines out of a book and moved onto the next.
太多讀者陷入了他們永遠不會記住的細節中，而他們本可以從一本書中挑選出幾句值得記憶的話，然後轉向下一本書。
Pay close attention when someone you admire disagrees on a topic you’re passionate about.
當你崇拜的人對你熱情的話題有不同意見時，要特別注意。
Charles Darwin, according to Charlie Munger, wasn’t exceptionally bright, but became a first-class scientist because he spent his life trying to prove himself wrong. “One of the great things to learn from Darwin is the value of extreme objectivity,” Munger once said. “He tried to disconfirm his ideas as soon as he got ‘em. He quickly wrote down in his notebook anything that disconfirmed a much-loved idea.”
根據查理·芒格的說法，查爾斯·達爾文並不是特別聰明，但成為了一位一流的科學家，因為他一生都在試圖證明自己錯誤。芒格曾經說過，從達爾文身上學到的一個偉大之處就是極端客觀性的價值。他儘快地嘗試反駁自己的想法。他迅速地在筆記本上寫下任何證明一個深愛的想法是錯誤的東西。
That is an amazing trick, and for most people the way to disconfirm your own beliefs is paying attention to people who disagree with you.
那是一個驚人的技巧，對於大多數人來說，反駁自己的信念的方法是關注那些不同意你的人。
But that’s hard, because it’s so easy to assume those who disagree with you aren’t as smart or informed as you are. A lot of good ideas are ignored, or intentionally rejected, because they are said by people you don’t admire.
但這很困難，因為很容易假設那些不同意你的人不如你聰明或不如你了解情況。很多好的想法被忽略或故意拒絕，因為它們是由你不欣賞的人所說的。
If you’re not blessed with perfect empathy, the trick to opening your mind to viewpoints you disagree with is to find people whose views on one topic you respect – that checks the box in your head that says “this person isn’t crazy” – and listen to them about topics you disagree on.
如果你沒有完美的同理心，開放心態接受與自己不同的觀點的訣竅是找到在某一主題上你尊重的人 - 這樣可以在你的腦海中打勾，表示“這個人不是瘋子” - 然後聆聽他們對於你不同意的主題的看法。
When those two things align – a person you admire disagrees with you about something fundamental – pay close attention. There’s a good chance this is information you’ll want stored in your head.
當這兩件事情相互吻合 - 你欣賞的人對於某些基本問題與你意見不合 - 要特別注意。這很可能是你想要記在腦海中的資訊。
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謝謝您的閱讀，不定期分享好文章，
跟大家一起變得更好持續成長！
也歡迎贊助及意見分享，讓我更有動力。
原文網址:
https://collabfund.com/blog/paying-attention/
