【A郎台語小詞典】Ep.035-Chám hâm Chām
今á日咱beh來稽考ê字是chám kah chām，chit 2字ê漢字一般lóng是寫做kāng 1字，m̄-koh讀音to̍h ē分做2種，像講斬(chám)首，斬(chām)頭，ĕ，nah ē án-ne？明明lóng是thâi頭，nah ē 2塊詞ê音無kāng款？Che咱後壁to̍h sûi來分析看māi--leh。
咱nā用chám kah chām chit 2字，tī臺日大辭典內底chhiau-chhōe，ē-tàng看tio̍h不管是tó 1 ê音，lóng ē用tio̍h家私，chit ê家私可能是刀，斧頭，keh-á chit款物件，有beh kā物件切斷ê意思tī--leh。M̄-koh kài趣味ê所在是，chām伊有特別說明是kā物件khǹg tī砧頂面切，另外hit ê chám，伊是講斜面chhò。Án-ne，咱來ka分析，to̍h是講，chām ê出力方式是對頂koân向下面，chám是chhu-chhu、chhoa̍h-chhoa̍h ka phut--落-去，主要to̍h是出力ê方向無仝。台語leh歹學ê因端to̍h tī chia，咱teh形容tāi-chì ê用字是真幼路。
Koh來，chit ê chám，各位nā有leh看古裝ê台語戲劇--ê，應該是chhiāⁿ-chhiāⁿ ē聽--tio̍h。像講，nā是有teh聽三國--ê，「過五關，斬六將」chit句話絕對是聽kah臭phú--ah。咱koh有真chē chám neh，斬草除根，斬斷情絲，先斬後奏，斬首示眾，sak出午門候斬，nā看tio̍h大貪官大歹人去hông sak--出-去，心內to̍h真暢，人講，做戲khong，看戲gōng，to̍h是án-ne。當然mā有咱平素時to̍h有leh講ê話，像講「Chit枝竹á ùi chia ka chám ho͘斷，我beh the̍h去插tī菜瓜栽á hia，hō͘伊通soan籐起lih棚á。」
Koh轉來講chām，咱有1 kóa詞mā報hō͘ ta̍k-ê知，斬雞肉，kā雞肉khǹg tī砧頂面，切ho͘ 1塊1塊thang好食，講tio̍h che，sûi to̍h想tio̍h白斬雞，ùn hiam椒á豆油，有夠好配飯！切肉kah魚chit類--ê，lóng ē-tàng講chām。中藥材khǹg tī柴砧面頂，tok做細塊細塊thang好choaⁿ，che mā叫做chām。Nā紙斬á是the̍h來斬紙ê家私，che mā-sī用chhi̍h--ê ùi頂面出力kā紙切做koe̍h。話koh講翻頭，是án-chóaⁿ講是chām頭？應該to̍h是像戲leh演--ê，用狗頭鍘（cha̍h）去chām，chiah講chām頭，nā hit款叫犯人跪--leh，1 ê惡面--ê gia̍h 1 ki大刀chhu-chhu phut--lòe he，應該chiah是斬首。
Kin-á-ji̍t lán beh lâi khe-khó ê jī sī chám kah chām, chit 2 jī ê hàn-jī it-poaⁿ lóng sī siá chò kāng 1 jī, m̄-koh tho̍k-im to̍h ē hun-chò 2 chióng, chhiūⁿ-kóng chám-siú, chām-thâu, ĕ, nah ē án-ne? Bêng-bêng lóng sī thâi-thâu, nah ē 2 tè sû ê im bô kāng-khoán? Che lán āu-piah to̍h sûi lâi hun-sek khòaⁿ-māi--leh.
Lán nā iōng chám kah chām chit 2 jī, tī Tâi-ji̍t Tōa-sû-tián lāi-té chhiau-chhōe, ē-tàng khòaⁿ-tio̍h put-koán sī tó 1 ê im, lóng ē iōng tio̍h ke-si, chit ê ke-si khó-lêng sī to, pó͘-thâu, keh-á chit khoán mi̍h-kiāⁿ, ū beh kā mi̍h-kiāⁿ chhiat-tn̄g ê ì-sù tī--leh. M̄-koh kài chhù-bī ê só͘-chāi sī, chām i ū te̍k-pia̍t soat-bêng sī kā mi̍h-kiāⁿ khǹg tī tiam téng-bīn chhiat, lēng-gōa hit ê chám, i sī kóng siâ-bīn chhò. Án-ne lán lâi ka hun-sek, to̍h sī kóng, chām ê chhut-la̍t hong-sek sī tùi téng-koân hiòng ē-bīn, chám sī chhu-chhu, chhoa̍h-chhoa̍h ka phut--lo̍h-khì, chú-iàu to̍h sī chhut-la̍t ê hong-hiòng bô-kâng. Tâi-gí leh pháiⁿ o̍h ê in-toaⁿ to̍h tī chia, lán teh hêng-iông tāi-chì ê iōng-jī sī chin iù-lō͘.
Koh lâi, chit ê chám, kok-ūi nā ū leh khòaⁿ kó͘-chong ê Tâi-gí hì-kio̍k--ê, èng-kai sī chhiāⁿ-chhiāⁿ ē thiaⁿ--tio̍h. Chhiūⁿ-kóng, nā sī ū teh thiaⁿ Sam-kok--ê, “kòe ngó͘ koan, chám lio̍k chiòng” chit kù ōe choa̍t-tùi sī thiaⁿ kah chhàu-phú--ah. Lán koh ū chin chē chám neh, chám-chháu tû-kin, chám toān chêng-si, seng-chám hiō chàu, chám-siú sī-chiòng, sak chhut ngó͘-mn̂g hāu chám, nā khòaⁿ tio̍h tōa tham-koaⁿ tōa pháiⁿ-lâng khì hông sak--chhut-khì, sim-lāi to̍h chin thiòng, lâng kóng, chò hì khong, khòaⁿ hì gōng, to̍h sī án-ne. Tong-jiân mā ū lán pêng-sò͘-sî to̍h ū leh kóng ê ōe, chhiūⁿ-kóng “Chit ki tek-á ùi chia ka chám ho͘ tn̄g, góa beh the̍h khì chhah tī chhài-koe chai-á hia, hō͘ i thang soan-tîn khí-lih pêⁿ-á.”
Koh tńg-lâi kóng chām, lán ū 1 kóa sû mā pò hō͘ ta̍k-ê chai, chām ke-bah, kā ke-bah khǹg tī tiam téng-bīn, chhiat hō͘ 1 tè 1 tè thang hó chia̍h, kóng tio̍h che, sûi to̍h siūⁿ tio̍h pe̍h-chām-ke, ùn hiam-chio-á tāu-iû, ū-kàu hó phòe pn̄g! Chhiat bah kah hî chit lūi--ê, lóng ē-tàng kóng chām. Tiong io̍h-châi khǹg tī chhâ-tiam bīn-téng, tok chò sè tè sè tè thang hó choaⁿ, che mā kiò-chò chām. Nā chóa-chām-á sī the̍h lâi chām-chóa ê ke-si, che mā-sī iōng chhi̍h--ê ùi téng-bīn chhut-la̍t kā chóa chhiat chò koe̍h. Ōe koh kóng hoan-thâu, sī án-chóaⁿ kóng sī chām-thâu? Èng-kai to̍h sī chhiūⁿ hì leh ián--ê, iōng káu-thâu-cha̍h khì chām, chiah kóng chām-thâu, nā hit khoán kiò hoān-lâng kūi--leh, 1 ê ok-bīn--ê gia̍h 1 ki tōa to chhu-chhu phut--lòe he, èng-kai chiah sī chám-siú.
