2024-01-10|閱讀時間 ‧ 約 35 分鐘

雪夜林邊小駐 (高中練習單分享)


Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

作者:Robert Lee Frost,1874年3月26日—1963年1月29日)美國詩人

此詩於1922年所作


Whose woods these are I think I know.

我知悉此間之主

His house is in the village though;

他的居所在村莊中屹立

He will not see me stopping here

他無從見到我在此處靜立

To watch his woods fill up with snow.

凝望著他的樹林──雪花翩飛。


My little horse must think it queer

我的坐騎必然感到奇異

To stop without a farmhouse near

無房可依,我何故停佇

Between the woods and frozen lake

位於樹海和冰湖之間

The darkest evening of the year.

那是整年中最黑暗的夜晚


He gives his harness bells a shake

輕輕搖動韁繩上的鈴鐺

To ask if there is some mistake.

探問是否有所差錯

The only other sound’s the sweep

孤寂的音符──唯風清揚

Of easy wind and downy flake.

吹過輕柔的雪片


The woods are lovely, dark and deep.

樹林迷人、幽暗且深邃

But I have promises to keep,

然而我卻仍有待守的諾言

And miles to go before I sleep,

在我長眠之前,還有漫漫長路需行

And miles to go before I sleep.

在我長眠之前,還有漫漫長路需行

Robert Frost* (1874-1963)─


翻譯:清月


朗誦 (Youtube)

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening


意象分析

這首詩看似只在描述景物,實際上卻蘊含深遠的寓意,透過描繪一位冬夜旅人停留在樹林旁,凸顯了生命中的抉擇。這首詩的四個段落可以分為三個階段進行解讀。

第一階段:詩人描繪了田園風光,冬夜中的雪景

第二階段:腳色面臨了抉擇──到底要選擇大自然還是文明?

第三階段:「幽暗的樹林」、「冰封的湖泊」、「那年最昏暗的一晚」,可能寓意為「死亡」


段落分析


  • 第一小節: 開場題到地點和人物,即樹林和主人。Woods象徵「自然」和village象徵「文明」。

原句為 I think I know whose woods these are. 這裡是倒裝句。
though 「不過」,副詞;這裡不是「雖然」的意思。


  • 第二小節: 出現了另一個角色——小馬——說話者試圖理解馬的想法(must think it queer)。think/consider/find + it + OC受詞補語 + to VR 認為……是……的

it 是虛受詞,真正的受詞是不定詞片語to stop without a farmhouse near,queer 為OC受詞補語,修飾受詞。the darkest evening of the year 冬至(winter solstice),是一年中晚上最長、白天最短的時候, 一般在12月21日或22。


  • 第三小節: 著重在「聲音」這個主題。馬鈴聲彷彿在問說話者──為什麼不繼續前進?除了馬鈴聲外,還有雪花飄落和風的輕拂聲。這裡的聲音都是柔和的,與第一部分中村莊(象徵文明)的喧鬧聲音成鮮明對比。


  • 第四小節:
  1. 我們可以透過lovely一字知道說話者對樹林的喜愛。
  2. dark和deep則傳達了樹林的神祕和深邃。
  3. 然後,說話者提到了一個承諾,使用了but這個轉折詞,去表達一種遺憾。
  4. sleep指休息,同時也隱喻死亡。或許我們可以這樣解讀最後三句:「在長眠之前,我還有很多承諾要履行。」

韻腳

第一小節:a-a-b-a 第二小節:b-b-c-b

第三小節:c-c-d-c 第四小節:d-d-d-d

一輕一重

這首詩共有四個小節。這可以通過觀察每個小節的押韻方式(AABA BBCB CCDC DDDD)來判斷。每一個押韻的集合構成一個小節,所以這首詩有四個小節。

每行8個音節,一輕一重,形成一種優美的節奏。

互動問題

  1. Does the poem rhyme? How does it rhyme? 這首詩有押韻嗎?怎麼押?
  2. Why do you think the speaker stopped by these woods?你認為說話者為什麼停下來觀看這片樹林呢?
  3. Does the poem employ metaphors, and if so, what are they?這首詩是否使用了隱喻?如果有,它們是什麼?
  4. Why were the woods so attractive to the speaker?為什麼樹林如此迷人?
  5. If we read the woods as a symbol, what might they be symbolic of?如果我們將樹林視為一個象徵,它可能代表什麼?


參考答案

  • Does the poem rhyme? How does it rhyme? 這首詩有押韻嗎?怎麼押?

Rhyme: Yes, the poem rhymes. It follows an AABA BBCB CCDC DD rhyme scheme. This means that the first, second, and fourth lines of each stanza rhyme with each other, while the third line has a different rhyme.

韻律: 是的,這首詩有韻。它遵循AABA BBCB CCDC DD的韻腳方式。這表示每一節的第一、二和四行押韻,而第三行有不同的韻腳。


  • Why do you think the speaker stopped by these woods?你認為說話者為什麼停下來觀看這片樹林呢?

I might think that the speaker stopped by the woods because they were captivated by the beauty of the snowfall and the peaceful scene. The speaker might have wanted to take a moment to appreciate the winter landscape.

說話者停下來可能是因為他們被雪景和平靜的場景所吸引。想花一點時間欣賞冬季的風景。


  • Does the poem employ metaphors, and if so, what are they?這首詩是否使用了隱喻?如果有,它們是什麼?

Metaphors: The poem contains metaphors, such as describing the woods as "lovely, dark, and deep." This could be a metaphor for the speaker's contemplative state of mind or the allure of a peaceful, contemplative moment.

隱喻: 這首詩包含隱喻,例如將樹林描述為「可愛、黑暗且深邃」。這可能是對說話者內心沉思狀態或寧靜思考時刻的隱喻。


  • Why were the woods so attractive to the speaker?為什麼樹林對說話者而言如此迷人呢?

The woods were probably attractive to the speaker because they were described as "lovely, dark, and deep." The snow falling on the trees may have created a serene and enchanting atmosphere, drawing the speaker's attention and creating a sense of beauty and tranquility.

因為它們被描述為「可愛、黑暗且深邃」。雪花飄落在樹上可能創造出一種寧靜迷人的氛圍,吸引說話者的注意,產生美麗和寧靜的感覺。


  • If we read the woods as a symbol, what might they be symbolic of?如果我們將樹林視為一個象徵,它可能代表什麼?

I might think that the woods could symbolize a moment of temptation or a desire to escape from the challenges and responsibilities of life. The speaker acknowledges the allure of the woods but ultimately chooses to move on, suggesting a commitment to fulfilling responsibilities rather than succumbing to the temptation of a tranquil escape.

樹林可能象徵一種誘惑或逃避生活和責任的渴望。說話者承認樹林的吸引力,但最終選擇繼續前進,表明他們致力於履行責任,而不是屈服於寧靜的誘惑。


意象賞析

  • sight視覺

woods, ...fill up with snow, frozen lake, darkest evening, the woods are lovely, dark and deep

樹林,... 銀裝素裹,結冰的湖泊,黑暗的傍晚,樹林美麗、幽暗而深邃。

  • sound聽覺

give his harness bells a shake, the only other sound’s the sweep

輕輕搖動韁繩鈴,唯一的聲音是風的呼嘯

  • touch觸覺

frozen lake, easy wind, downy flake

結冰的湖泊,微風吹拂,蓬鬆的雪花


練習1

請以「寒冷的冬天」為主題,想出3個感官意象


練習參考答案

  1. Visual:
    • Glistening frost on bare branches
    • Snow-covered landscapes
    • Icicles hanging from eaves
    • 視覺:
      • 枯枝上閃爍的霜
      • 被雪覆蓋的風景
      • 懸掛在屋檐上的冰柱
  2. Olfactory:
    • The crisp scent of fresh snow
    • The earthy aroma of wood-burning fires
    • 嗅覺:
      • 雪的清新氣味
      • 木柴燃燒的香氣
  3. Tactile:
    • The crunch of footsteps on frozen ground
    • The biting cold against the skin
    • 觸覺:
      • 在冰凍地面上踩踏的嘎吱聲
      • 皮膚上的刺骨寒冷
  4. Auditory:
    • The hush of a snowfall
    • The creaking sound of footsteps on packed snow
    • 聽覺:
      • 雪花飄落時的寂靜
      • 在緊湊雪地上腳步的咯吱聲
  5. Gustatory:
    • The refreshing taste of cold, clean air
    • 味覺:
      • 冷而清新的空氣味


練習2

請以「失戀的落寞」為主題,想出3個感官意象

"Loneliness of Broken Love"

參考答案

Visual:

  • Fading photographs, once filled with shared smiles
  • An empty chair that once held two hearts
  • 視覺:
  • 逐漸褪色的照片,曾溢滿笑容
  • 曾經容納兩顆心的空椅子

Olfactory:

  • The lingering scent of a now-unused perfume or cologne
  • 嗅覺:
  • 現在不再使用的香水或古龍水的餘香

Auditory:

  • Echoes of laughter that have become haunting silences
  • The hollowness in the air where sweet nothings once lingered
  • 聽覺:
  • 變成令人困擾的回音
  • 曾經縈繞的甜言蜜語如今在空氣中變得空洞

Gustatory:

  • The bitter taste of tears, now shed in solitude
  • 味覺:
  • 孤獨中流淚的苦澀味


其他

雪夜林邊小駐 維基百科

作者:羅伯特‧ 李‧ 佛羅斯特


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