20121126國務院記者會：中國護照地圖印，美國官員吱唔言

20121126國務院記者會：中國護照地圖印，美國官員吱唔言

【Comment】有新聞自由的國家，官員就不能睥睨人民恣意而為。中國的護照，比戰鬥機首次起降航母還令人美國記者矚目。美國記者的確厲害。問了四次，國務院是否關心中國的我行我素態度。原本漫不經心的官員，在逼問（美國也會同意墨西哥仿效中國？）之下只好以護照的技術標準問題迴避政治效果。外交官員居然忘記了：外交不僅是法律而已，更是各種模糊政治力的集散地。

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20121126國務院記者會：中國護照地圖印，美國官員吱唔言
中國護照續漣漪，各國反應款不同

VIDEO：http://video.state.gov/en/video/1990488496001

Daily Breifing◎DoS（2012.11.26）
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/dpb/2012/11/201015.htm#CHINA

QUESTION: On China, there’s a video just released recently on the Chinese military has successfully landed its – a fighter jet on its first aircraft carrier.  Is there a concern that this would increase the tension in South China Sea and East Sea and other disputed seas?
MS. NULAND: Was there a question in there?

問：對中國，近來有個影片攸關於中國戰鬥機已經成功降落在其第一艘航空母艦上。會不會關切其對南海與東海以及其他爭議海域？答：由什麼疑問發生了嗎？

QUESTION: Yeah. Is there a concern?
MS. NULAND: Obviously we continue to monitor all Chinese military developments very carefully.  This is another in the category of our regular requests that China be as transparent as it can about its military capabilities and intentions, and we regularly encourage China both privately and publicly to use its military capabilities, including this new aircraft carrier, in a manner that is conducive to maintaining peace and security and stability in the Asia Pacific region.
問：對啊。國務院是否關切？答：很顯然的，我們持續非常仔細的監控中國的軍力發展。這是我們例行關注的項目之一，即中國應對公開其軍事能力與意圖，我們在公開與私下也都持續鼓勵中國為維持亞太區域和平與安全與穩定而使用其軍力，包括欣航空母艦。

QUESTION: Well, just – new passport --
QUESTION: (Inaudible) or more transparent?
MS. NULAND: More transparent than it has been.

問：呃，那個新版護照～，……或更透明？答：比起過去更透明。

QUESTION: China’s new passport has triggered measure of diplomatic disputes in the neighboring area.  Because in the new passport they include a map and images from South China Sea, and also the scenery is from Taiwan, which triggered complaints from Vietnamese Government, Philippines Government, India Government, and Taiwanese Government.  I wonder, for example, if a Chinese citizen who is holding a new passport coming into U.S. customs, and usually they would get a stamp from U.S. customs, is that an endorsement of the China’s claim, sovereignty claim. (Laughter.)

QUESTION: Just say yes. (Laughter.)
MS. NULAND: No.  It is not an endorsement. (Laughter.) Thank you, though, Arshad, for the opportunity there.

Our position, as you know, on the South China Sea remains that these issues need to be negotiated among the stakeholders, among ASEAN and China.  And a picture in a passport doesn’t change that.

問：中國的新護照已經激起鄰國的外交爭議。在這新護照中，印載了南海以及台灣風景照片。越南政府、菲律賓政府；印度政府，以及台灣政府的抗議。我在想，假使中國公民持此護照進入美國海關，美國海關在護照上蓋上一顆章，這行為是否代表美國對中國的主權主張加以背書？問：你說「對」就可以了（笑）。答：這不是背書（笑）。謝謝你Arshad給我一個機會說明。如你所知，我們對南海的立場仍是：這些議題必須由ASEAN與中國等相關各方協商解決。護照上的照片，並不改變我們的立場。（doesn’t change that）

QUESTION: Well --
QUESTION: Otherwise, the importance of solving this crisis, the importance of solving the disputes, was United States disappointed that a binding code of conduct in the South China Sea was not reached during the latest East Asia Summit?
MS. NULAND: I think as the President said when he was there, as others said in the context of the meetings in Cambodia, we are encouraged that informal dialogue has restarted.  As you know, for some time there were no real conversations.  And we want to see this continue to build and accelerate into a real negotiation about how to settle these issues over the longer term.

問：那個～問：解決此一危機，解決此一爭議的重要性是美國不同意南海協議準則並未在前次東海高峰會中達成協議？答：我認為就如同總統所說，當我們在該處，而其他人在柬埔寨主辦的會議所言，我們鼓勵重新開始非正式的對話。如你所知，已經有一段時間沒有實質的對話。我們想看到持續對話，以建立並加速這些議題的實質交涉，以解決長期的爭議。

QUESTION: Also, talk about the aircraft carrier, if this landmark development would encourage you to improve the navy capability of your allies in Asia?

MS. NULAND: Well, I think we’ve made clear through the various strengthening of our security support throughout the region that we will continue to support our allies as we deem necessary and to take appropriate steps.  As I said, it’s incumbent on China as it increases its own military investment that it be more transparent than it has been about what it’s spending the money on and to make sure that its capabilities can clearly be seen as a force for peace.

問：來講航空母艦。這件關鍵發展是否會促使你去改善亞洲盟國的海軍力量？答：我們已經表達得很清楚，我們會多方面加強我們對整個地區的安全支援，我們會持續給盟國必要的支援並採取適當步驟。如同我所說的，中國目前增其強自身的軍事投資，必須比以往更加透明說明其投資項目，並且必須確認其軍力僅用於維護和平。

QUESTION: Just back on that passport issue?

MS. NULAND: Yeah.

問：再回到護照議題。答：是的。

QUESTION: Do you care what China has – what they print inside of their passports?  Does this raise any concern at all with you, because is it simply their business and they can do – they can put whatever they want in their passport?
MS. NULAND: My understanding is that we – and I looked into this a little bit and didn’t get a complete sort of brief on this – but my understanding is that we have certain basic international standards that have to be met in a passport in the way it’s presented --

問：你在不在意中國在護照內所印的東西？只因為這是我家的代誌而且我做得到──他們可以放任何東西在護照上，這種態度是否引起你的關切？答：我的理解是這樣：我曾注意了一下，尚未獲得完整的簡報。但我的理解是：對於護照的式樣，我們有幾項固定的國際法標準。

QUESTION: Decorations are not part of --

MS. NULAND: -- for us to honor it.  And stray maps that they include aren’t part of it, so --

問：裝飾，不算這些國際標準囉？答：裝飾性的地圖，不包括在內，所以…

QUESTION: Okay.  And does that – that would go for any country?

MS. NULAND: Yes.

問：好，這放諸四海皆準嗎？其他國家也可照辦？答：是的。

QUESTION: So then, I mean, if Mexico put a new passport with a map that had Texas and New Mexico on it – (laughter) – that wouldn’t be a problem?

MS. NULAND: Again, that’s a hypothetical we’re hoping not confront, Matt. (Laughter.)

問：這樣的話，假使墨西哥推出新的護照，並在上面印上德克薩斯與新墨西哥（笑），這你也不會在意了？答：一樣的。這是假設性的問題。我們不做解釋。麥特（笑）。

QUESTION: But in terms of this, and I realize we’re talking about it lightheartedly, but I mean, that would be something that I think the government would probably object to in the Mexican case.  So I just want to make clear or understand: The appearance of this map in the Chinese passport doesn’t really – does it raise concerns for you or not?
MS. NULAND: As a technical legal matter, that map doesn’t have any bearing on whether the passport is valid for U.S. visa issuance or for entry into the United States.  There are a bunch of other issues --

問：但有關此，我認知到我們是在談笑風生，但我的意思是，美國政府很可能會反對墨西哥的例子。我想釐清與理解的是：中國護照的地圖出現是否引起你的關注？或是沒有？答：作為一個法律上的技術問題，護照上的地圖並未改變該護照美國的簽證或入國有效性。

QUESTION: No, I understand that.  But the broader issue of whether this symbolizes a claim that you think should be worked out in negotiation, do you have any concerns about that?
MS. NULAND: Again, I’m not sure whether we’ve had a chance to have that discussion with the Chinese.  Frankly, the first time this issue came to the attention of some of us was over the weekend when the passports started being rejected in various countries.  So presumably, from the perspective that it is considered provocative by some of those countries, we’ll have a conversation about it.  But in terms of the technical issue of whether the passport is --

問：這我知道。但從更廣的意義上看，此舉是否象徵了一種主張，所以你必須想辦法去協商？你是否關切此議題？答：一樣的，我並不確定我們會有機會中國商討此一議題。坦白說，當此一議題剛出現我們面前時，是在這護照在許多國家被拒絕的週末時間。從此面向說，許多國家認為這護照是一種挑釁，對此，我們將會有所討論。但就技術議題而言，就護照使否…

QUESTION: Right.
MS. NULAND: Yeah.

問：再來。答：啥？

QUESTION: Quite apart from the – and when you say that you’ll have a conversation about it, that means that you’ll have a conversation about it with the Chinese or you’ll have a conversation about it with the countries that are refusing to accept them?
MS. NULAND: No, I would expect that we’ll probably have a conversation about the fact that this is considered difficult by some of the countries.

問：相當脫線。當你說你會商討此議題時，你是指會與中國商討此議題，還是與拒絕這本護照的國家商討此議題？答：不，我是說我們可能會商討此一事實，因為許多國家視此為一種困難的情況。

QUESTION: Okay. Could you, when that does happen, when that conversation --
MS. NULAND: We’ll come back to you, yes.

問：你能不能，在商討時…答：請稍等一下。

QUESTION: Yes. And --
QUESTION: Syria?
QUESTION: No. China. Can we stay in China?
MS. NULAND: Still China, and then we’ll move on.

問：是的問：敘利亞嗎？問：不，中國，我們仍要討論中國。答：仍然是中國，好，繼續。

QUESTION: Yeah.  Do you consider --
MS. NULAND: You guys really had too much of a rest, I think.

Lalit.

問：你是否認為…答：我想你們真的不需要小憩一下

QUESTION: Do you consider this as a provocative on the behalf of China because it involves a number of neighboring countries, including India and other countries in the region?
MS. NULAND: Again, let me get a better sense of whether we’ve had any conversation with China about it or what the content of that might be before I go forward.

問：你是否認為這是中國單方面的挑釁，因為這牽涉許多鄰國，包括印度與其他該區域的國家？答：再講一次，讓我清楚理解你的問題：我們是否已經與中國商討過此議題，或其可能的商討內容為何。

QUESTION: And also if you can consider --
MS. NULAND: Our own views on how the South China Sea issues ought to be resolved, our own position on the South China Sea issues, are not changed in any way by this.

問：你是否認為…答：我們認為南海問題必須解決，我們的立場是南海議題並未因此（護照）而有所改變。

QUESTION: And also if you can consider taking question if this such a move increases tension in the region, which you are trying to avoid for long time.

問：假使你能將此視為增加區域緊張的行為的問題，你要如何做，以在長期來說能避免此？