每日英語 #039: Veterinarians 獸醫

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Veterinarians

Veterinarians “treat” (give medical care for) the injuries and illnesses of pets and farm animals. They provide treatment for animals that is similar to what a doctor would do to treat people. They diagnose, treat, or research medical conditions and diseases of pets, “livestock” (animals raised for food and to make products), and animals in “zoos” (places where animals are kept in cages and people can see them), “racetracks” (places where animals participate in races or competitions), and “laboratories” (places where research is done).

獸醫「治療」（提供醫療護理）寵物和農場動物的傷病。他們為動物提供的治療與醫生對人類的治療類似。他們診斷、治療或研究寵物、「家畜」（為了食品和製作產品而飼養的動物）以及動物在「動物園」（動物被關在籠子裡，人們可以看到它們的地方）、「賽馬場」（動物參加比賽或競賽的地方）和「實驗室」（進行研究的地方）的醫療狀況和疾病。

Veterinarians who treat horses or livestock must travel between their offices and farms or ranches. They work outdoors in all kinds of weather and may have to perform “surgery” (cutting open a body or animal), often under “unsanitary” (not clean or healthy) conditions. Veterinarians who work in “food safety and inspection” (checking to see that food is handled correctly and safe to be sold and eaten) must travel to farms, “slaughterhouses” (places where animals are killed for food), and “food-processing plants” (where food is processed and packaged for sale).

治療馬匹或家畜的獸醫必須在辦公室與農場或牧場之間來回。他們在各種天氣下都需要在戶外工作，並且經常需要在「不衛生的」（不乾淨或不健康的）條件下進行「外科手術」（切開身體或動物）。從事「食品安全和檢查」（檢查食品是否正確處理並安全出售和食用）的獸醫必須前往農場、「屠宰場」（動物被宰殺供食的地方）和「食品加工廠」（食品被加工和包裝以供銷售的地方）。

Veterinarians must complete a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M. or V.M.D.) degree at an “accredited” (given recognition or permission) college of veterinary medicine. As of 2012, there are 28 colleges in the United States with accredited programs.

獸醫必須在獲得「認可的」（獲得認可或許可的）獸醫學院完成獸醫學博士（D.V.M.或V.M.D.）學位。截至2012年，美國有28所學院設有獲得認可的課程。

All states require veterinarians to have a license. Licensing requirements “vary” (are different) by state, but all states require “prospective” (expecting or wanting to be) veterinarians to complete an accredited veterinary program and to pass the North American Veterinary Licensing Exam.

所有州都要求獸醫持有執照。執照要求因州而異，但所有州都要求「有志成為」（期望或想成為）獸醫的人完成認可的獸醫課程並通過北美獸醫執照考試。

重要單字

• Treat /triːt/ 治療
• Livestock /ˈlaɪvˌstɑk/ 家畜
• Zoos /zuːz/ 動物園
• Racetracks /ˈreɪsˌtræks/ 賽馬場
• Laboratories /ˈlæbrəˌtɔriz/ 實驗室
• Surgery /ˈsɜrdʒəri/ 外科手術
• Unsanitary /ʌnˈsænɪˌtɛri/ 不衛生的
• Food safety and inspection /fud ˈseɪfti ənd ɪnˈspɛkʃən/ 食品安全和檢查
• Slaughterhouses /ˈslɔːtərˌhaʊzəz/ 屠宰場
• Food-processing plants /fud ˈprɑsɛsɪŋ plænts/ 食品加工廠
• Accredited /əˈkrɛdɪtɪd/ 認可的
• Vary /ˈvɛri/ 變化
• Prospective /prəˈspɛktɪv/ 有志成為