這兩個字雖然看起來很像,拼寫只差一個 re-,但它們的意思和核心概念幾乎是相反的。
它們最核心的區別在於力量的方向與目的:
strain (拉緊/過度使用): 是關於「施加」過多的壓力、張力,或「過度伸展」超過了極限。它通常帶有負面的結果(受傷、疲憊)。
restrain (克制/阻止): 是關於「往回拉」、「控制住」或「限制」某種動作、情緒或人。它通常是一種主動的控制行為。
1️⃣身體與物理層面
在物理層面上,strain 是「受傷」或「緊繃」,而 restrain 是「限制行動」。
strain v.拉傷、使...緊繃 n.拉緊;張力
He strained his back lifting that heavy box.
(他搬那個重箱子時拉傷了背。)
The rope was under great strain and could snap at any moment.
(這根繩子承受了巨大的張力,隨時可能斷裂。)
restrain v.制伏、束縛、限制行動
It took two police officers to restrain the aggressive suspect.
(動用了兩名警力才制伏了那名好鬥的嫌疑犯。)
Please restrain your dog with a harness so it doesn't jump around in the car.
(請用安全帶固定好你的狗,以免牠在車內跳來跳去。)
2️⃣心理與情緒層面
在心理層面上,strain 是被動地「承受壓力」,而 restrain 是主動地「克制情緒」。
strain n.壓力、負擔
Financial difficulties put a great strain on their marriage.
(財務困難對他們的婚姻造成了巨大的壓力。)
Her face showed signs of fatigue and strain.
(她臉上顯露出疲憊和緊張的神情。)
restrain v.克制、抑制情緒
She managed to restrain her anger and replied calmly.
(她設法克制住怒火,冷靜地回答。)
He could barely restrain his tears when he heard the bad news.
(當他聽到這個壞消息時,他幾乎無法抑制自己的眼淚。)
3️⃣努力與感官層面
strain 表示「費力去做某事」,而 restrain 表示「努力不去作某事」。
strain v.費力、盡力運用: 努力去「做」
I had to strain my ears to hear what they were whispering.
(我得豎起耳朵費力聽,才能聽到他們在竊竊私語什麼。)
He strained his eyes trying to see in the dark.
(他睜大眼睛想在黑暗中看清。)
restrain v.自我約束、戒除): 努力去「不做」
Doctors advised him to restrain from smoking and drinking.
(醫生建議他戒(克制)菸酒。)
To save money, you must restrain the urge to impulse buy.
(為了省錢,你必須克制衝動購物的慾望。)
📌總結記憶法
想像一條橡皮筋:
如果你把它拉得太長,快要斷了,那就是 strain (過度拉伸)。
如果你用手捏住它,不讓它彈出去,那就是 restrain (控制住)。

圖片創作:Jennifer設計,AI生成
圖片創作:Jennifer設計,AI生成











