Preposition “antan-” in Bunun Language (Takabanuaz)
“Antan” is a prefix, or in English, we can say it is a preposition because it means something like “near, on, at, in”. But the noun after the “antan-“ is a “place” noun, not a “time” noun.
- In Takbuanaz Bunun language, the pronounciation of letter “e” pronounces similarly to the international phonetic alphabet “ay”, and the the letter “o” pronounces similarly to the international phonetic alphabet “aw”.
- The important point of pronouncing the Bunun language is that the stress is always on the penultimate vowel.
For expample:
- Bunun 布農族／布農語: the penultimate vowel is on “Bu”, so the pronounciation of Bunun is “BU-nun”.
- Tahai 男生名: the penultimate vowel is on “ha”, so the pronounciation of Tahai is “ta-Ha-i”.
- heza 有；存在: the penultimate vowel is on “he”, so the procounciation of heza is “HE-za”.
- Antanangaus (antan-a-NGA-us) / (在)前方 / Ahead, in front of
Heza pais haan antanangaus.
在前方有敵人。
There are enemies ahead.
2. Antanavanan (antan-a-VA-nan) / (在;從)右邊 / (on; from) the right (hand side)
Mesnahaan antanavanan minsumax.
從右邊來的。
(Coming from the right hand side.
3. Antanavili (antan-a-VI-li) / (在;從)左邊 / (on; from) the left (hand side)
Na munhaan antanavili.
要到左邊去。
To go to the left hand side.
4. Antanba’aq (antan-BA-aq) / 在下方 /Down, below, beneath, underneath
Antanba’aq (a) naam a lumaq.
我們的家在下面。
Our home is down there.
5. Antanba’av (antan-BA-av) / 在山上 / on the hill
Antanbaav sia qudas naam a lumaq.
我祖父母的家在山上。
My grandparent’s home is on the hill.
6. Antanda’an (antan-DA-an) / 位置 / location
Nitu masihal a antanda’an.
位置不好。
Bad location.
The location is not good.
7. Antandaza (antan-DA-za) / 在上面 / on the top of..
Antandaza ka kaul.
鐮刀在上面。
The sickle is on the top.
8. Antandeza (antan-DE-za) / 在那裡 / ver there
Antandeza ka Savi tu lumaq.
Savi的家在那裡。
Savi’s home is over there.
9. Antanhaan (antan-HA-an) / 位於…，靠近…， / locate at/on, near/close to
Antanhaan maponungan ta.
靠近(位於)小山丘那一邊。
Near the side of the hill.
10. Antanhapav (antan-HA-pav) / 靠近外面 / close to/near the outside
Antanhapav sia Sai tu quma.
Sai的田地靠近外面。
Sai’s filed is close to the outside.
11. Antanhaul (antan-HA-ul) / 在山下，(靠近)南邊 / Down the hill, southern side of…
Antanhaul naam a lumaq.
我們的家在山下。
Our home is down the hill/on the southern side.
12. Antanhiku (antan-HI-ku) / 位於後山，位於背面 / on the back, on the back of the hill
Antanhiku nai tama-Nunan.
Lunan伯伯他們一家人住在後山。
Uncle Nunan and his family live on the back of the hill.
13. Antanhulung (antan-HU-lung) / 靠近上方 / near the top, above
Antanhulung tu tikis sia masinoba naak a lumaq.
我弟弟的家在稍微靠上面的地方。
My younger brother’s home is a bit above.
14. Antanisaq? (antan-I-saq) / 在哪裡 / Where?
Antanisaq su’u ka lumaq.
你的家在哪裡?
Where are you living?
Where is your home?
15. Antanisaq-isaq? (antan-isaq-I-saq) / 都住在什麼地方的人? / Where are these people live?
Antanisaq-isaq amu?
你們都是住在哪裡的人啊?
Where are you from?
16. Antanita (antan-I-ta) / 靠近那裡 / near there, close to there
Antanita naam a lumaq.
我們的家靠近那裡。
Our home is close to/near there.
17. Antaniti (antan-I-ti) / 靠近這裡 / near here, close to here
Antaniti ang naam a quma. (ang為助詞，強調那個靠近這裡的語氣。”ang” is a particle use to empasize the status of “close to here”. )
我們的田是靠近這裡的。
Our filed is the one that near/close to here.
18. Antankinuz (antan-KI-nuz) / 靠近後山;背面 / at the back of the hill, rear side
Antakinuz nai ka asang.
他們的部落靠近後山那裡。
Their village is at the back of the hill.
19. Antankiul (antan-KI-ul) / 靠近尾端 / near the end, next to the end
20, Antankunbu (antan-KUN-bu) / 靠近裡面 / inside
Pihanuk antankubu ta madenpus.
我存放在比較裡面那裡。
I store it inside of (somewhere).
21. Antanmisqang (antan-MIS-qang) / 靠近中間 / near/closer to the center
Makahana antanmisqang tu daan mudandaan.
請走在路中間!
Please walk in the middle of the road!
22. Antannastu (antan-NAS-tu) / 靠近下面 / Near/close to the bottom
Antannastu ang ti ka qemangsut.
貨物在靠近下面那裡。
The goods is near the bottom.
23. Antanne-an (antan-NE-an) / 靠近他們 / close to them
Antannean ta ka hunulan.
地震離他們很近。
The earthquake was close to them.
24 Antanngadaq (antan-NGA-daq) 靠近內部 Internally
25. Antanngaus (antan-NGA-us) / 靠近前面 / front
Antanngaus a banananaz.
男人們都靠向前。
Men leaned forward.
26. Antanqedip (antan-QE-dip) / 位在背面 / In the back
Antanqedip i ludun-tun.
在這座山的背面。
On the backside of the mountain. (Behind the mountain).
27. Antansala (antan-SA-la) / 位在側面 / on one side
Qalan I antansala ka daan.
位在側面的道路就對了。
Right on the side of the road. (Right by the road)
28. Antansisila (antan-si-SI-la) / 靠近旁邊 / Next to
Antansisila ki quma.
靠近田地旁邊。
Next to the field. (Near to the side of the field.)
29. Antansuu-an (antan-su-U-an) / 靠近你那裡 / Next to you
Panhaan antansuu-an ta ka tetnulan.
測量到你那裡為止。
Measurements have been taken up to your end.
30. Antantansiki (antan-tan-SI-ki) / 靠近角落 / Nxet to the corner
Masmut ang a antansiki.
靠近角落的地方還很髒亂。
The area next to the corner is still dirty.
