🆒用Python實作 拼單字的小遊戲 可線上玩

更新於 2024/10/11閱讀時間約 68 分鐘

今天要實作和體驗的是拼單字的小遊戲,類似小時候在報紙、英文童書、或著電子辭典的小遊戲,一開始都是空白,隨著使用者拼對而逐漸顯示原本的單字樣貌,直到整個單字拼出來為止。

場景:

電腦隨機從單字庫裡面撈一個單字出來。

使用者扮演玩家去玩拼單字的遊戲,如果拼對,就會把對應的英文字母顯示出來,並且擺放在對應的位置上,直到玩家成功拚出整個單字為止。

為了簡化流程,整個遊戲都以小寫英文字母拼單字的方式進行。


上層思考邏輯與框架


先讓電腦隨機單字庫裡面撈一個單字出來。

一開始只秀出單字的第一個英文字母。

讓使用者去玩拼單字的遊戲。

假如拼對,把對應的英文字母顯示出來,並且擺放在對應的位置上。

假如拼錯,輸出提示訊息,讓使用者再拚一次。


中層功能元件分析

1.怎麼隨機從單字庫抽取單字?


python 的 random package提供 choice函數

random.choice() 會隨機從容器裡挑一個元素出來

在這個範例裡就是從單字庫裡隨機挑一個單字出來。


對應到python的程式碼如下

target = random.choice(word_bank)


2.如何建立循環(相當於程式語言中迴圈的邏輯)?


如果 還有沒拚出來的英文字母:

則繼續猜...


對應到python的程式碼,就是while 的迴圈與流程控制

while word_letters:

    print_game_state(target, word_letters, used_letters)
# 請使用者輸入一個英文字母​
    guess = input("\n Spell a letter: ")
# 轉小寫字母​
    guess = guess.lower()

... 後續檢查有沒有拚對單字裡的英文字母 ...


3.怎麼顯示當前拼單字的狀態?


根據目前的拼字情況決定顯示狀態

以apple為例,如果使用者已經拚對了a 和 p

那麼螢幕上就會顯示

a p p _ _


拼對的英文字母會儲存在used_letters集合裡。

還沒拼對的英文字母儲存在word_letters集合裡。


對應到python的程式碼如下

def print_game_state(target, word_letters, used_letters):

    cur_state = [ letter if letter in used_letters else "_" for letter in target ]
    print()
    print(" ".join(cur_state) )
    return


4.怎麼接收使用者輸入?


python提供內建的input("提示訊息")的標準輸入function,

接收到的預設型別是字串,儲存到guess這個變數裡。

為了簡化判斷流程,整個遊戲都以小寫英文字母拼單字的方式進行。

guess = input("\n Spell a letter: ")
guess = guess.lower()


5.怎麼判斷使用者拚對,還是拼錯?


如果是新的英文字母,就檢查這個字母有沒有在單字裡出現。

如果有,表示拚對了,把當下這個字母更新到used_letters

同時,把這個字母從word_letters移除。


如果沒有,顯示Miss,告訴玩家單字裡並沒有這個英文字母。


另一種情況,假如這個字母之前已經出現過了,就顯示提示訊息。

要求使用者輸入別的英文字母。

if guess not in used_letters:

    used_letters.add(guess)
 
    if guess in word_letters:
        word_letters.remove(guess)

    else:
        print(" Miss")

else:
    print(" Repeated!")
    print(" Please try to guess another letter.")

底層的完整實作: 小遊戲 拼單字

import random

word_bank = ["aback","abaft","abandoned","abashed","aberrant","abhorrent","abiding","abject","ablaze","able","abnormal","aboard","aboriginal","abortive","abounding","abrasive","abrupt","absent","absorbed","absorbing","abstracted","absurd","abundant","abusive","acceptable","accessible","accidental","accurate","acid","acidic","acoustic","acrid","actually","ad hoc","adamant","adaptable","addicted","adhesive","adjoining","adorable","adventurous","afraid","aggressive","agonizing","agreeable","ahead","ajar","alcoholic","alert","alike","alive","alleged","alluring","aloof","amazing","ambiguous","ambitious","amuck","amused","amusing","ancient","angry","animated","annoyed","annoying","anxious","apathetic","aquatic","aromatic","arrogant","ashamed","aspiring","assorted","astonishing","attractive","auspicious","automatic","available","average","awake","aware","awesome","awful","axiomatic","bad","barbarous","bashful","bawdy","beautiful","befitting","belligerent","beneficial","bent","berserk","best","better","bewildered","big","billowy","bite-sized","bitter","bizarre","black","black-and-white","bloody","blue","blue-eyed","blushing","boiling","boorish","bored","boring","bouncy","boundless","brainy","brash","brave","brawny","breakable","breezy","brief","bright","bright","broad","broken","brown","bumpy","burly","bustling","busy","cagey","calculating","callous","calm","capable","capricious","careful","careless","caring","cautious","ceaseless","certain","changeable","charming","cheap","cheerful","chemical","chief","childlike","chilly","chivalrous","chubby","chunky","clammy","classy","clean","clear","clever","cloistered","cloudy","closed","clumsy","cluttered","coherent","cold","colorful","colossal","combative","comfortable","common","complete","complex","concerned","condemned","confused","conscious","cooing","cool","cooperative","coordinated","courageous","cowardly","crabby","craven","crazy","creepy","crooked","crowded","cruel","cuddly","cultured","cumbersome","curious","curly","curved","curvy","cut","cute","cute","cynical","daffy","daily","damaged","damaging","damp","dangerous","dapper","dark","dashing","dazzling","dead","deadpan","deafening","dear","debonair","decisive","decorous","deep","deeply","defeated","defective","defiant","delicate","delicious","delightful","demonic","delirious","dependent","depressed","deranged","descriptive","deserted","detailed","determined","devilish","didactic","different","difficult","diligent","direful","dirty","disagreeable","disastrous","discreet","disgusted","disgusting","disillusioned","dispensable","distinct","disturbed","divergent","dizzy","domineering","doubtful","drab","draconian","dramatic","dreary","drunk","dry","dull","dusty","dusty","dynamic","dysfunctional","eager","early","earsplitting","earthy","easy","eatable","economic","educated","efficacious","efficient","eight","elastic","elated","elderly","electric","elegant","elfin","elite","embarrassed","eminent","empty","enchanted","enchanting","encouraging","endurable","energetic","enormous","entertaining","enthusiastic","envious","equable","equal","erect","erratic","ethereal","evanescent","evasive","even","excellent","excited","exciting","exclusive","exotic","expensive","extra-large","extra-small","exuberant","exultant","fabulous","faded","faint","fair","faithful","fallacious","false","familiar","famous","fanatical","fancy","fantastic","far","far-flung","fascinated","fast","fat","faulty","fearful","fearless","feeble","feigned","female","fertile","festive","few","fierce","filthy","fine","finicky","first","five","fixed","flagrant","flaky","flashy","flat","flawless","flimsy","flippant","flowery","fluffy","fluttering","foamy","foolish","foregoing","forgetful","fortunate","four","frail","fragile","frantic","free","freezing","frequent","fresh","fretful","friendly","frightened","frightening","full","fumbling","functional","funny","furry","furtive","future","futuristic","fuzzy","gabby","gainful","gamy","gaping","garrulous","gaudy","general","gentle","giant","giddy","gifted","gigantic","glamorous","gleaming","glib","glistening","glorious","glossy","godly","good","goofy","gorgeous","graceful","grandiose","grateful","gratis","gray","greasy","great","greedy","green","grey","grieving","groovy","grotesque","grouchy","grubby","gruesome","grumpy","guarded","guiltless","gullible","gusty","guttural","habitual","half","hallowed","halting","handsome","handsomely","handy","hanging","hapless","happy","hard","hard-to-find","harmonious","harsh","hateful","heady","healthy","heartbreaking","heavenly","heavy","hellish","helpful","helpless","hesitant","hideous","high","highfalutin","high-pitched","hilarious","hissing","historical","holistic","hollow","homeless","homely","honorable","horrible","hospitable","hot","huge","hulking","humdrum","humorous","hungry","hurried","hurt","hushed","husky","hypnotic","hysterical","icky","icy","idiotic","ignorant","ill","illegal","ill-fated","ill-informed","illustrious","imaginary","immense","imminent","impartial","imperfect","impolite","important","imported","impossible","incandescent","incompetent","inconclusive","industrious","incredible","inexpensive","infamous","innate","innocent","inquisitive","insidious","instinctive","intelligent","interesting","internal","invincible","irate","irritating","itchy","jaded","jagged","jazzy","jealous","jittery","jobless","jolly","joyous","judicio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def print_game_state(target, word_letters, used_letters):

    cur_state = [ letter if letter in used_letters else "_" for letter in target ]
    print()
    print(" ".join(cur_state) )

    return


def play():
    target = random.choice(word_bank)

    first_letter = target[0]
    word_letters = set(target[1:])
    used_letters = {first_letter}
 

    while word_letters:

        print_game_state(target, word_letters, used_letters)      

        guess = input("\n Spell a letter: ")
        guess = guess.lower()     

        if guess not in used_letters:

            used_letters.add(guess)
         
            if guess in word_letters:
                word_letters.remove(guess)
            else:
                print(" Miss")

        else:
            print(" Repeated!")
            print(" Please try to guess another letter.")


    print("\n Good job, you get it!")
    print_game_state(target, word_letters, used_letters) 

    return

play()       
     

試玩畫面

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線上執行 與 試玩

https://onlinegdb.com/8tmqxfIsa

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由有業界實戰經驗的演算法工程師, 手把手教你建立解題的框架, 一步步寫出高效、清晰易懂的解題答案。 著重在讓讀者啟發思考、理解演算法,熟悉常見的演算法模板。 深入淺出地介紹題目背後所使用的演算法意義,融會貫通演算法與資料結構的應用。 在幾個經典的題目融入一道題目的多種解法,或者同一招解不同的題目,擴展廣度,並加深印象。
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相信大家小時候都有和朋友或玩伴玩過一個猜數字的小遊戲,一個人先在1~100裡面設定一個隱藏數字,其他的人去猜,看誰是最後一個猜中的就算輸,或者看誰最快猜中就算贏。 今天要示範如何用Python寫一個猜數字遊戲, 並且會從上層的思考邏輯開始,一步步構建出這個猜數字的小遊戲。
在流程控制中,最常用的就是for loop 或是 while loop 語法了。 最常見的場景就是根據條件判斷式,重複執行特定的指令。 如果要在python寫出類似C/C++ for loop,可以怎麼寫呢? 透過索引去進行迭代 for var in range( start=0, sto
Array可以說是各種語言除了基本型別之外,最常用的資料型別與容器之一了。 Array 這種連續格子狀的資料結構,在Python要怎麼表達呢? 建立一個空的陣列 最簡單也最直接的寫法就是 array = [] # Python list [] 就對應到大家熟知的array 陣列型態的資料結
相信大家小時候都有和朋友或玩伴玩過一個猜數字的小遊戲,一個人先在1~100裡面設定一個隱藏數字,其他的人去猜,看誰是最後一個猜中的就算輸,或者看誰最快猜中就算贏。 今天要示範如何用Python寫一個猜數字遊戲, 並且會從上層的思考邏輯開始,一步步構建出這個猜數字的小遊戲。
在流程控制中,最常用的就是for loop 或是 while loop 語法了。 最常見的場景就是根據條件判斷式,重複執行特定的指令。 如果要在python寫出類似C/C++ for loop,可以怎麼寫呢? 透過索引去進行迭代 for var in range( start=0, sto
Array可以說是各種語言除了基本型別之外,最常用的資料型別與容器之一了。 Array 這種連續格子狀的資料結構,在Python要怎麼表達呢? 建立一個空的陣列 最簡單也最直接的寫法就是 array = [] # Python list [] 就對應到大家熟知的array 陣列型態的資料結
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