42歲男性,AIDS 病史。主訴吞嚥困難
食道攝影:
multiple flask-shaped contrast outpouchings along the mid-esophageal wall, consistent with intramural pseudodiverticula
看到esophageal pseudodiverticula,成因為transmural inflammation ,造成dilated mural glands and pseudodiverticula,這是慢性食道炎的結果。鑑別診斷想reflux esophagitis, candida esophagitis, superficial spreading carcinoma, drug-induced esophagitis
- Reflux esophagitis: 最末端,可能伴隨hiatal hernia。影像上,常出現 thicken fold, ulcer, benign stricture, pseudodiverticula。
- Candida esophagitis:出現在免疫抑制的患者,或是有achalasia / scleroderma 病人身上。診斷需要靠culture。
- superficial spreading carcinoma: 一種少見的SCC,需要做胃鏡切片確診
- Drug-induced esophagitis: 如tetracycline, ascorbic acid, iron sulfate。
Ans: candida esophagitis
重點:pseudodiverticula 是慢性發炎,造成dilated mural gland的結果。candidiasis 出現在免疫抑制患者身上。如果看到pseudodiverticula 但是沒有其他解釋,要建議做食道鏡/胃鏡去排除superficial spreading carcinoma。