惠譽下調美國債務評級，原因是債務上限危機和1月6日的叛亂事件。 | CNN商業新聞

真的在搞QQ

看歷史數據可能會因為下調信用評級，而造成大幅波動。

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Fitch Ratings downgraded its US debt rating on Tuesday from the highest AAA rating to AA+, citing “a steady deterioration in standards of governance.”
惠譽國際信用評級公司於星期二將美國債務評級從最高的AAA降至AA+，原因是「治理標準持續惡化」。

The downgrade comes after lawmakers negotiated up until the last minute on a debt ceiling deal earlier this year, risking the nation’s first default. But the January 6 insurrection was also a major contributing factor.
這次的降級是在立法者們在今年早些時候就債務上限協議進行了最後一刻的談判後發生的，這使國家首次面臨違約的風險。但1月6日的暴動也是一個主要的促成因素。

In a meeting with Biden administration officials, representatives from Fitch Ratings repeatedly highlighted the January 6th insurrection as a significant concern as it relates to US governance, a person familiar with the matter told CNN. The credit agency did not mention the insurrection in their full report on the downgrade.
據知情人士告訴CNN，Fitch Ratings的代表在與拜登政府官員的會議中，多次強調1月6日的暴動對美國治理構成了重大關切。然而，這家信用評級機構在其完整的降級報告中並未提及這次暴動。

Fitch did not immediately respond to CNN’s request for comment.
Fitch尚未立即回應CNN的評論要求。

US debt has long been considered the safest of safe havens, but Tuesday’s rating cut suggests it has lost some of its luster. The downgrade has potential reverberations on everything from the mortgage rates Americans pay on their homes to contracts carried out all across the world.
美國債務長期以來一直被視為最安全的避風港，但星期二的降級表明它已經失去了一些光彩。這次降級可能對從美國人支付的房屋抵押貸款利率到全球各地進行的合同都產生影響。

The move could cause investors to sell US Treasuries, leading to a spike in yields that serve as references for interest rates on a variety of loans.
此舉可能導致投資者出售美國國債，進而引發利率飆升，這些利率是各種貸款的參考依據。

Explaining its rationale for the downgrade, Fitch pointed to “the expected fiscal deterioration over the next three years, a high and growing general government debt burden, and the erosion of governance relative to ‘AA’ and ‘AAA’ rated peers over the last two decades that has manifested in repeated debt limit standoffs and last-minute resolutions.”
費奇解釋了對降級的理由，指出「預計在未來三年內財政狀況將惡化，政府債務負擔高且不斷增加，而在過去二十年中，治理能力相對於『AA』和『AAA』評級同行已經受到侵蝕，這在反覆發生的債務上限僵局和最後一刻的解決方案中得以體現。」

Fitch said the decision wasn’t just prompted by the latest debt ceiling standoff but rather “a steady deterioration in standards of governance over the last 20 years” regarding “fiscal and debt matters.”
惠譽表示，這個決定不僅僅是因為最近的債務上限僵局，而是關於「財政和債務事務」方面的「治理標準在過去20年間持續惡化」。

Biden administration officials objected to the ratings cut.
拜登政府官員對評級下調表示反對。

“I strongly disagree with Fitch Ratings’ decision,” said Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen in a statement on Tuesday. “The change by Fitch Ratings announced today is arbitrary and based on outdated data.”
「我強烈不同意惠譽評級的決定，」財政部長珍妮特·耶倫在週二的聲明中表示。「惠譽評級今天宣布的變動是武斷的，且基於過時的數據。」

White House press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre said in a statement that “we strongly disagree with this decision,” and cited similar concerns about Fitch’s modeling.
白宮新聞秘書卡琳·讓-皮埃爾在一份聲明中表示：“我們對這一決定強烈不同意”，並提到了對惠譽評級機構建模的類似擔憂。

“And it’s clear that extremism by Republican officials—from cheerleading default, to undermining governance and democracy, to seeking to extend deficit-busting tax giveaways for the wealthy and corporations—is a continued threat to our economy,” she added.
“而且很明顯，共和黨官員的極端主義行為——從為違約歡呼，到破壞治理和民主，再到試圖延長對富人和企業的赤字破壞性稅收優惠——對我們的經濟仍然是一個持續的威脅，”她補充道。

Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer blamed House Republicans for the downgrade, saying in statement that their “reckless brinksmanship and flirtation with default has negative consequences for the country.”
參議院多數黨領袖查克·舒默指責眾議院共和黨人導致信用評級下調，他在一份聲明中表示，他們的「魯莽激進和與違約的玩火對國家產生了負面影響。」

Spokespeople for House Speaker Kevin McCarthy did not immediately return requests for comment on Fitch’s downgrade.
對於費奇的降級，眾議院議長凱文·麥卡錫的發言人尚未立即回應評論請求。

The last time the US debt was downgraded by another major credit rating agency, S&P, came in 2011. In both cases, the limit was raised only after protracted negotiations.
上一次美國的債務被另一家主要信用評級機構S&P下調是在2011年。在這兩種情況下，只有在經過長時間的談判後，上限才被提高。

The S&P move had tremendous market impacts, leading to steep stock market declines and rising bond yields.
標普的舉動對市場產生了巨大的影響，導致股市大幅下跌，債券收益率上升。

Until 2011, US debt had carried a perfect credit rating since Moody’s Investors Service first assigned the United States a AAA rating in 1917. The country’s new Fitch rating puts it on par with Austria and Finland but below Switzerland and Germany.
直到2011年，美國債務自從穆迪投資者服務公司於1917年首次給予美國AAA評級以來，一直保持著完美的信用評級。而美國的新菲奇評級與奧地利和芬蘭相當，但低於瑞士和德國。

S&P has maintained its AA+ rating on the US after the 2011 downgrade while Moody’s has kept its AAA rating.
標普仍然將美國的信用評級維持在AA+級別，而穆迪則保持其AAA級別。

An administration official on Tuesday declined to speculate about whether other major credit rating agencies would follow Fitch’s lead but noted that Fitch was the only one to have the US on a negative watch.
一位行政官員在周二拒绝猜測其他主要信用評級機構是否會效仿惠誉的做法，但指出惠誉是唯一一個將美國列為負面觀察的機構。

Fitch also did not immediately respond to CNN’s request for comment on Biden administration official accusations that its modeling is flawed
Fitch亦未立即回應CNN對拜登政府官員指責其模型有缺陷的評論要求

Markets on Tuesday were by and large unfazed by Fitch’s downgrade in after-hours trading.
周二的市場在盤後交易中基本上對惠譽的降級評級毫不在意。

Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500 and Nasdaq-100 futures were all down by less than 1% following the announcement.
道瓊斯工業平均指數、標普500指數和納斯達克100指數期貨在公告後均下跌不到1%。

Former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers said Fitch’s decision is “bizarre and inept,” particularly as the US economy “looks stronger than expected,” he said in a post on Twitter, now formally known as X.
前財政部長拉里·薩默斯在推特上發文稱，惠譽的決定「荒謬且無能」，尤其是考慮到美國經濟「看起來比預期更強勁」。現在推特正式更名為X。

新聞來源: CNN (#國際新聞)

原文網址:

https://edition.cnn.com/2023/08/01/business/fitch-downgrade-us-debt