✨ 什麼是動詞片語(Phrasal Verb)?
動詞片語是 動詞 + 介系詞/副詞 所組成的固定搭配,整體意思常常與字面不符,是許多英文母語者天天使用的習慣用語。
🌟 片語動詞在句子中的文法結構
✅ 1. 基本結構:主詞 + 片語動詞 + 受詞
這是最常見的句型,也是學片語動詞的基礎套路。主詞 + [片語動詞] + 受詞🔸 I + gave up + my dream.
🔸 He + ran into + his ex-girlfriend.
🔸 They + looked after + the baby.
🔄 2 種主要結構形式:可分 vs. 不可分
📌 A. 可分的片語動詞(Separable Phrasal Verbs)
這類片語動詞中,受詞可以插入動詞和介詞之間。
🔹 結構 A1:動詞 + 副詞 + 受詞
🔹 結構 A2:動詞 + 受詞 + 副詞(⚠️ 代名詞只能放中間)
✅ 例子:
- pick up(接電話 / 撿起)
✅ He picked up the phone.
✅ He picked the phone up.
✅ He picked it up.
❌ He picked up it.(❌代名詞不能放最後)
📌 B. 不可分的片語動詞(Inseparable Phrasal Verbs)
這類片語動詞中,動詞和介詞/副詞不可被受詞插入。
🔹 結構:動詞 + 副詞/介系詞 + 受詞(只能這個順序)
✅ 例子:
- run into(偶遇)
✅ I ran into an old friend.
❌ I ran an old friend into.
- get over(走出傷痛)
✅ She got over the breakup.
❌ She got the breakup over.
🧠 加碼:更複雜的句型位置應用
1️⃣ 當片語動詞放在被動語態中
有些片語動詞也可以變成被動句(限可分者為主):
They called off the meeting.
→ ✅ The meeting was called off.She handed in the report.
→ ✅ The report was handed in.
2️⃣ 在疑問句中
片語動詞在疑問句中仍維持其搭配,結構順序不變:
✅ Did you look up the word?
✅ Have you figured it out
🔁 片語動詞變成動名詞的用法
當你要把一個 片語動詞當作「一件事情」或「活動」來表達,你就可以把它的主動詞變成 V-ing,其餘片語照放。
🧪 用法結構與例句
✅ 1. 當主詞使用
V-ing + 介系詞 + 名詞 當主詞
🔸 Giving up smoking is difficult.
→ 放棄抽菸這件事很困難。
🔸 Looking after a baby takes a lot of time.
→ 照顧嬰兒很花時間。
✅ 2. 當介系詞的受詞
常見在 enjoy, be interested in, good at, think about, etc.
🔸 I’m good at getting along with new people.
🔸 She’s thinking about giving up her job.
🔸 He apologized for running into my car.
✅ 3. 當受詞使用
當動詞後需要接名詞(或活動)時,也可以用片語動詞的動名詞形式。
🔸 She enjoys looking after her grandmother.
🔸 I don’t mind cleaning up after dinner.
📌 小提醒:
- 只有主動詞會變成 V-ing,副詞/介系詞部分不變。
- 一定要整組 phrasal verb 一起使用,不能只變動其中一部分。
🚫 錯誤範例 vs ✅ 正確用法
❌ Giving smoking up is hard.
✅ Giving up smoking is hard.
❌ I enjoy looking the baby after.
✅ I enjoy looking after the baby.