掌握流暢、精確的轉折語（Key Connectors），是提升英文寫作和口語表達水準的關鍵。這篇統整了有史以來最完整的英文寫作語，掌握這篇讓你寫作不求人！
1. 流程、時間與目標 ⏱️
這組詞彙用於引導文章的順序、描述時間、頻率和地點，以及表達行動的目的。
- 順序開頭： first(ly), first of all, to begin with, in the beginning, to start with, in the first place, First and foremost, Let’s start by…, The first step.. (首先；最初)
- 順序接續： second(ly), third(ly), next, then, subsequently, thereafter, It is at this point that…, When this has been done…. (其次；接著；後來)
- 順序結尾： finally, at last, at length, eventually, ultimately, in time, in the end, in the long run, last but not least, last / lastly (最後；最終)
- 同時與頻率： meanwhile, at the same time, in the meantime, Same time (同時); at times, every now and then, on occasion, occasionally, off and on, from time to time, once in a while (偶爾地)
- 特定時間點： initially (最初); Currently, recently, lately, of late (最近); when, while, as (當); Presently, at presently, nowadays, by this time (目前；馬上)
- 表達目的： for this purpose, to this end, with this object in mind (為此目的); in order to + VR, with the aim of Ving, for the purpose of, so as not to (為了；目的在於)
- 地點與方向： Behind, at the back of (在...後面); in the neighborhood of, close to, adjacent to (在...附近); at the edge of, at the center of, opposite to, on the right, next to (位置); in the distance, in the direction of (遠處/方向)
2. 觀點連接與比較 🔗
這組詞彙用於增加、對比、轉折、讓步或比較不同的概念。- 增加與遞進： in addition, additionally, besides, furthermore, moreover, what's more, on the top of that, equally important, As well as that, For another thing, not only … but also (此外；而且；更重要的是)
- 表達對立與轉折： by contrast, in contrast to/with, conversely, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, however, but, still, yet, while, whereas (相比之下；相反地；然而)
- 表達讓步與替代： nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, for all that, even if, in spite of, despite, in spite of that/this, although, though (儘管如此；雖然); Instead (of), rather than (取而代之)
- 表達相似： similarly, likewise, in a like manner, in much the same way, on the same ground, same to this case (同樣地；以相似的方式)
- 比喻與對照： compare(d) to / with, In comparison with (與…相比); figuratively, in a figurative manner (比喻地)
3. 強調、支持與解釋 🎯
這組詞彙用於強調、提供證據、澄清含義，或引述個人觀點。
- 強調與確定： indeed, obviously, apparently, seriously, particularly, in particular, especially, most importantly (的確；顯然地；尤其); no doubt, doubtlessly, undoubtedly, Of course, To be sure, Certainly, definitely, absolutely (無疑地；確實地); terribly, very, exactly, precisely, horribly, quite (程度加強)
- 解釋與換句話說： That is…, That is to say…, in other words, namely (換句話說；也就是說); The Fact is…, As a matter of fact…, In reality,…, In Fact…, Actually (事實上)
- 舉例與說明： for example, for instance, such as, including (包括); take sb./sth. for example, One example of this is, A good example of this is, A case in point is… (以...為例)
- 個人觀點與認知： to my knowledge, to the best of my knowledge, so/as far as I know (據我所知); S be convinced of N / that S + V, There is a belief, S believe (某人深信); It occurs / occurred to sb that S + V, flash into/through mind, comes into mind, dawn(ed) on sb, cross mind, enter mind (某人想到)
- 非正式同意： O.K., Sure!, Right on., By all means.
4. 邏輯結構與總結 💡
這組詞彙用於建立因果關係，並引導文章進入結論。
- 表達原因與根據： because of, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of, for this reason, for the sake of (因為；由於); under this circumstance (在此情況下); This may be explained / be accounted for by / be attributable to sth (可歸因於...)
- 表達結果與推論： as a result, in consequence, as a consequence, consequently, accordingly, therefore, hence, thus, and so, so (因此；所以；結果是)
- 總結/總而言之： in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, in summary, to summarize, on the whole, by and large, all things considered, All in all, in general, generally speaking (總而言之；大體上說來)
- 簡言之： Briefly, in short, in brief, to be short, in a word, to make a long story short (簡言之；長話短說)
💡 學習 Tips
- 注意語氣與正式度 (However): 像 “Right on!” 適用於非正式對話，然而 (however)，在學術寫作中您應該使用 “Furthermore” 或 “Consequently” 等正式詞彙。
- 檢查句間連接性 (That is to say): 寫完一段文字後，檢查每個轉折語是否確實達成了連接上文和引導下文的作用。換句話說 (that is to say)，確保您的文章是「連貫」的。
