Robinson et al. 團隊的研究證實了一個事實,改善健康永遠不會太老。事實上,正確類型的高強度運動可以讓老年人更大幅度地在細胞層級上逆轉衰老。2012 Gibala et al. 研究團隊[9]就曾發表HIIT可激活5'-AMP活化蛋白激酶( 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ;AMPK)和p38有絲分裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAPK)。(如圖四)這兩種運動反應性信號激酶都與PGC-1α的直接磷酸化和活化有關。 HIIT鍛鍊後PGC-1α的核密度增加,導致共同激發轉錄因子(TF)增加粒線體基因轉錄,最終使得更多粒線體蛋白的積累以驅動粒線體產生。
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