INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 240
Material misstatement due to fraudulent financial reporting relating to revenue recognition often results from an overstatement of revenues through, for example, premature revenue recognition or recording fictitious revenues. It may result also from an understatement of revenues through, for example, improperly shifting revenues to a later period. 與收入認列有關的欺詐性財務報告而導致的重大誤述,通常源自於過高地誇大了收入,例如,過早認列收入或認列虛偽不實收入。也可能是由於對收入的低估,例如,不適當地將收入騰挪到了會計期間後。
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 240 The risk of the auditor not detecting a material misstatement resulting from management fraud is greater than for employee fraud, because management is frequently in a position to directly or indirectly manipulate accounting records, present fraudulent financial information or override control procedures designed to prevent similar frauds by other employees. 由於管理階層經常直接或間接地操縱會計記錄、提供虛假財務資訊或推翻旨在防止其他員工發生類似欺詐行為的控制程序,因此,審計人員未能發現由管理階層欺詐導致的重大誤述的風險要大於員工欺詐。