Vinification (n.) 釀造
例句:Vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid.
Sunburn (n.) 曬傷
例句:A thin-skinned grape will get sunburn in a hot climate.
Susceptible (a.) 易受影響
例句:These plants are particularly susceptible to frost.
Rot (v./n.) 腐爛
例句:A thin-skinned grape is susceptible to rot.
▋"黑" 軼聞
根據文獻記載黑皮諾最早在十四世紀就出現在 Burgundy,在 1395 年授封為勃根地公爵的菲利浦二世 (Philip the Bold) 下令黑皮諾取代 Gamay 成為主流釀造品種。