渡鴉之言 (Hrafnsmál)﹕挪威王「金髮」哈拉爾之詩

歌詞翻譯

古北歐語歌詞來源﹕Hrafnsmál - The Words of the Raven, Lyric Video - Assassin's Creed Valhalla (Official Video)、Lyrics Translate 英語翻譯來源﹕Hrafnsmál - The Words of the Raven, Lyric Video - Assassin's Creed Valhalla (Official Video)、Lyrics Translate

1/ Kunna hugðak þik konung, þanns á Kvinnum býr Hersin Norðmanna; djúpum ræðr kjólum Roðnum rǫndum ok rauðum skjǫldum Tjǫrgum ôrum ok tjǫldum drifnum

Have you heard of the king? He who lives in Kvinn, Lord of all Norwegian lands, He who rules deep set-keels, Reddened spears, And bloody shields, Tar-soaked oars, And foam-flecked sails.

你有聽說過那位國王嗎？ 住在克溫的國王， 挪威全域之主， 統領在海中穩健航行的龍骨、 染血的長矛、 血淋淋的圓盾、 鍍上瀝青的長槳 及濺上泡沫的船帆。

2/ Hlaðnir vôru hǫlða ok hvítra skjalda Vigra vestrœnna ok valskra sverða Grenjuðu berserkir; guðr vas á sinnum Emjuðu ulfheðnar ok ísǫrn dúðu

Loaded were they with warriors, And shields of whitened hue, Western spears I know there were, And Frankish swords all anew, Berserks howled and bit their shields, As battle dawned on the waves, Wolf-men wailed and cried aloud.

船上載滿戰士 和髹上白漆的盾牌， 他們配備西方的長矛， 與新簇的法蘭克長劍 (1)， 披熊皮者 (2) 怒嚎著敲打盾牌， 當戰事於浪濤處展開之時， 狼戰士 (2) 高聲呼嘯。

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3/ Þá eru þeir reifir, es vitu rómu væni ǫrvir upp at hlaupa ok árar at sveigja Hǫmlur at slíta en hái at brjóta Ríkuliga hygg ek þá vǫrru þeysa at vísa ráði

Waved their spears up high, Glad they are now, As battle nears, Arrows range high, And oars they swing, Fetters are broken, Oarlocks crushed, Setting forth for the lord.

他們高舉長矛， 抬頭挺胸、志得意滿， 當戰事迫近， 利箭劃破空中， 他們揮動長槳、 打破腳鐐、 搗毀槳架， 為主上向前邁進。

4/ At berserkja reiðu vil ek þik spyrja, bergir hræsævar: hversu es fengit, þeim es í folk vaða, vígdjǫrfum verum?’

Of the berserkir, I would know more, Those who feed on blood, How one deals with, Such battle-brave warriors, Those who wade through men?

關於狂戰士 (2)， 我渴望理解更多， 他們以血為食， 闖入戰事、衝撞人群， 如此勇武之士， 凡人該如何抵擋？

5/ Grenjuðu berserkir; guðr vas á sinnum; emjuðu ulfheðnar ok ísǫrn dúðu.

Of the berserkir, As battle dawned on the waves, Wolf-men wailed and cried aloud.

關於狂戰士啊， 當戰事於浪濤處展開之時， 狼戰士高聲呼嘯。

6/ Hǫmlur at slíta en hái at brjóta ríkuliga hygg ek þá vǫrru þeysa at vísa ráði.

Waved their spears up high, Fetters are broken, Oarlocks crushed, Setting forth for the lord.

他們高舉長矛、 打破腳鐐、 搗毀槳架， 為主上向前邁進。

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註釋

1. 法蘭克長劍 (Frankish sword)﹕《維京傳奇﹕來自海上的戰狼》一書寫到﹕「唯一不遜色於法蘭克人的武器裝備是維京人的劍。」由於維京人在歐洲沿海一帶進行劫掠，對法蘭克王國構成威脅，因此有好幾位法蘭克的統治者勒令禁止販售武器給維京人，他們只能從屍體身上搜刮頭盔和武器。當維京人學會自行鑄劍之後，他們模仿法蘭克長劍的設計，鑄成堅固又輕巧的維京劍。歌詞註明是新簇的長劍，那我猜應該不是搶來的法蘭克劍，而是自行鑄造的維京劍。如果配合「西方的長矛」一起解讀的話，可能亦暗示了維京人的掠奪範圍。
2. 披熊皮者 (Berserks)、狼戰士 (Wolf-men)、狂戰士 (Berserkir)﹕狂戰士指在戰場上以狂暴狀態奮勇殺敵的維京戰士，「他們不穿鎖子甲，會像獵犬或狼一樣嚎叫、啃咬手上的盾牌、不怕火燒、不怕受創、殘殺敵人」，表現得像一隻勇猛、瘋癲的野獸。在古北歐語中，「ber」指「熊」，「serkr」指「襯衣」，合起來意為「披著熊皮的人」，因此狂戰士又稱「披熊皮者」。狼戰士 (Úlfhéðnar) 是另一個與狂戰士有關的名詞，據說他們在對戰時會披上狼皮，有時會被形容為奧丁鍾愛的戰士 (Odin’s special warriors)，見下圖〈Berserker following Odin 跟隨奧丁的狂戰士〉。

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參考資料

• A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic BY Geir T. Zoëga
• Battle of Hafrsfjord - Wikipedia
• Berserker - Wikipedia
• Haraldskvæði (Hrafnsmál) — Þhorn Harkv - Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages
• Hrafnsmál - Wikipedia
• Þorbjörn Hornklofi - Wikipedia
• 迪士尼、Badoo 與 Ubisoft 《刺客教條》加入重建巴黎聖母院行列
• 《維京傳奇﹕來自海上的戰狼》拉爾斯‧布朗沃思　著
• 《維京戰士傳奇》：令人聞風喪膽的狂戰士，殺紅了眼可能只因「喝了點酒」 - The News Lens 關鍵評論