多益|弱點整理 第二篇：主詞與動詞一致性

在多益測驗中，判斷動詞的單複數形式是否與其主詞一致是常見的考題。本篇講義將專注於一些特殊的規則，幫助您快速找到句子的真正主詞，從而做出正確的選擇。

一、主詞決定動詞單複數的基本原則

單數主詞 + 單數動詞

• • 例： The report **was** sent out. (報告被寄出了。)

複數主詞 + 複數動詞

• • 例： The reports **were** sent out. (報告們被寄出了。)

二、特殊主詞與動詞一致性的判斷技巧

以下是多益測驗中特別容易混淆的幾種情況，掌握這些技巧能幫助您輕鬆解題。

例： The president of the college, together with the deans, **is** planning a conference...

• • 主詞： The president (單數)
  • 補充資訊： together with the deans
  • 解析： 真正的動詞主詞是 The president，而不是後面的 the deans。因此，動詞必須使用單數形式 is。

常見的介系詞片語或片語動詞：

• together with (連同...)
• as well as (以及...)
• in addition to (除了...之外)
• along with (與...一起)

2. 連接詞的「就近原則」 當主詞由以下連接詞連接時，動詞的單複數形式取決於離動詞最近的那個主詞。

• either...or
• neither...nor
• not only...but also

例： Not only the manager but you **are** required to help...

• • 主詞： the manager (單數) 和 you (複數)
  • 解析： 動詞 are 離 you 最近，所以動詞要跟隨 you 的複數形式。

3. 集合名詞與數量詞

集合名詞 (Collective Nouns):

• • group, family, committee, team 等詞，當它們被視為一個整體時，動詞用單數。
  • 當強調群體中的個體成員時，動詞用複數。
  • 例： The committee **is** meeting this afternoon. (委員會作為一個整體開會。)

「數量」作為主詞：

• • 當 number 前面有定冠詞 the 時，代表總數，動詞用單數。
  • 例： The total number of the unemployed in that region **has remained**...
  • 當 number 前面有不定冠詞 a 時，代表許多，動詞用複數。
  • 例： A number of people **have** applied for the job.

多益文法練習題 — 第二篇：主詞與動詞一致性

請從 (A)、(B)、(C)、(D) 四個選項中，選出最適合填入空格的答案。

1. A number of employees in the accounting department ____ already taken the new training course. (A) has (B) have (C) is (D) are
2. Not only the manager but also his assistants ____ to meet with the new client this afternoon. (A) is expected (B) are expected (C) expecting (D) was expected
3. The total sales of the new product ____ to be announced at the press conference tomorrow. (A) is (B) are (C) were (D) has
4. The CEO, along with his top executives, ____ visiting the overseas branch next week. (A) is (B) are (C) have been (D) were
5. The new regulations for workplace safety ____ strictly enforced by the government. (A) is (B) are (C) has been (D) was
6. Either the project director or the team members ____ responsible for the delay in the delivery. (A) is (B) has been (C) was (D) are
7. Three hundred dollars ____ a small price to pay for such a valuable piece of equipment. (A) is (B) are (C) were (D) have been
8. The company’s management team, together with the union representative, ____ negotiating the terms of the new contract. (A) were (B) are (C) has been (D) have been
9. Each of the products displayed at the trade show ____ designed for the international market. (A) is (B) are (C) were (D) have been
10. The chief financial officer, no less than his staff, ____ concerned about the recent budget cuts. (A) is (B) are (C) were (D) have been

好的，這是您的多益文法練習題（主詞與動詞一致性）的詳解。請核對您的答案，並仔細閱讀每題的文法重點。

多益文法練習題 — 第二篇：主詞與動詞一致性詳解

1. A number of employees in the accounting department ____ already taken the new training course.
2. • 答案：(B) have
   • 詳解： a number of (許多) 後面接複數名詞 employees，動詞也要用複數形式。因此，選擇 have。
2. Not only the manager but also his assistants ____ to meet with the new client this afternoon.
3. • 答案：(B) are expected
   • 詳解： 根據「就近原則」，動詞的單複數要與最靠近它的主詞 his assistants（複數）保持一致。因此，要用複數動詞 are。
3. The total sales of the new product ____ to be announced at the press conference tomorrow.
4. • 答案：(A) is
   • 詳解： 句子的主詞是 The total sales，雖然 sales 是複數，但當 total 作為主詞時，通常被視為一個單一的總數，動詞用單數形式。
4. The CEO, along with his top executives, ____ visiting the overseas branch next week.
5. • 答案：(A) is
   • 詳解： 根據「主領原則」，動詞的單複數取決於 along with 之前的真正主詞 The CEO（單數）。後面的 his top executives 只是額外資訊，不影響動詞。因此，動詞用 is。
5. The new regulations for workplace safety ____ strictly enforced by the government.
6. • 答案：(B) are
   • 詳解： 句子的主詞是 The new regulations（規定們），是複數。因此，動詞要用複數形式 are。
6. Either the project director or the team members ____ responsible for the delay in the delivery.
7. • 答案：(D) are
   • 詳解： 根據「就近原則」，動詞的單複數要與最靠近它的主詞 the team members（複數）保持一致。因此，要用複數動詞 are。
7. Three hundred dollars ____ a small price to pay for such a valuable piece of equipment.
8. • 答案：(A) is
   • 詳解： 當金額被視為一個整體時，動詞用單數。這裡的 Three hundred dollars 被視為「一筆錢」，而不是三百個單獨的美元。
8. The company’s management team, together with the union representative, ____ negotiating the terms of the new contract.
9. • 答案：(C) has been
   • 詳解： 根據「主領原則」，動詞取決於 together with 之前的主詞 The company’s management team（單數，因為指一個團隊），所以動詞要用單數形式。
9. Each of the products displayed at the trade show ____ designed for the international market.
10. • 答案：(A) is
    • 詳解： 雖然 products 是複數，但句子的真正主詞是 Each（每一個），它永遠是單數。因此，動詞要用單數形式 is。
10. The chief financial officer, no less than his staff, ____ concerned about the recent budget cuts.
11. • 答案：(A) is
    • 詳解： 根據「主領原則」，動詞的單複數取決於 no less than 之前的主詞 The chief financial officer（單數）。因此，動詞要用單數形式 is。