90%學英文的人不知道的進步關鍵!! 英文 5-4-3 by mr gary
### 前言簡介
學習英文，許多人會遇到困難，常常感覺自己陷入了瓶頸，無法進一步提升。這可能是因為他們忽略了一些重要的句型與結構。了解並掌握英文的基本句型是學好英文的關鍵，而進一步熟悉一些特殊句型更能讓你在表達和理解上如虎添翼。今天，Mr. Gary 要與大家分享一個許多英文學習者不知道的進步祕訣——**英文 5-4-3 學習法**。這是一套簡單但強大的方法，幫助你在學習句型與應用中得到突破。
**5**：掌握**五大基本句型**，幫助你理解句子結構與各種語法現象。
**4**：熟悉**四大特殊句型**，讓你的句子表達更豐富、更有力。
**3**：運用**三種疑問句型**，讓你在提問與對話中游刃有餘。
透過這套 5-4-3 方法，你將大大提升英文表達的精準度與靈活性。
### 五大基本句型
1. **主詞 + 動詞 (S + V)**
最基本的句型，句子只包含主詞和動詞。
例句：**She runs.** （她跑步。）
2. **主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 (S + V + O)**
動詞後面有一個受詞，這個受詞是動作的接受者。
例句：**He eats an apple.** （他吃了一個蘋果。）
3. **主詞 + 動詞 + 補語 (S + V + C)**
補語描述主詞的狀態或身份。
例句：**She is a teacher.** （她是一位老師。）
4. **主詞 + 動詞 + 間接受詞 + 直接受詞 (S + V + IO + DO)**
動詞後面有兩個受詞，一個是間接受詞（通常是人），一個是直接受詞（通常是物）。
例句：**He gave her a gift.** （他送她一個禮物。）
5. **主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 + 補語 (S + V + O + C)**
受詞後面的補語進一步說明受詞的狀態或特性。
例句：**They elected him president.** （他們選他為總統。）
https://vocus.cc/article/66fbab20fd897800018037ba
### 四大特殊句型
1. **被動語態 (Passive Voice)**
被動語態用來強調動作的接受者，而非執行者。
結構：**be動詞 + 過去分詞**
例句：**The letter was written by John.** （這封信是約翰寫的。）
2. **疑問句 (Interrogative Sentence)**
用來提問，通常改變助動詞的位置。
例句：**Are you coming?** （你要來嗎？）
3. **感嘆句 (Exclamatory Sentence)**
用來表達強烈的情感，通常以 "what" 或 "how" 開頭。
例句：**What a beautiful day!** （多美好的一天啊！）
4. **祈使句 (Imperative Sentence)**
表達命令、要求或建議，通常以動詞原形開頭。
例句：**Please close the door.** （請把門關上。）
https://vocus.cc/article/66fbaa0cfd89780001801b77
### 三大疑問句型
1. **一般疑問句 (Yes/No Questions)**
只要求「是」或「否」的回答。
例句：**Do you like coffee?** （你喜歡咖啡嗎？）
2. **特殊疑問句 (Wh- Questions)**
用來提問具體的訊息，通常以疑問詞開頭。
例句：**Where are you going?** （你要去哪裡？）
3. **反意疑問句 (Tag Questions)**
用於確認某事是否正確。
例句：**You’re coming to the party, aren’t you?** （你會來派對，對吧？）
https://vocus.cc/article/66fba8d0fd897800017ffb1d
### 結語
恭喜你！現在你已經學會了 90% 學英文的人不知道的進步關鍵——**英文 5-4-3 學習法**。掌握這些句型與結構，將使你在英文學習的道路上邁向更高的層次。記得持續練習，靈活運用五大基本句型、四大特殊句型以及三種疑問句，讓你的英文變得更加精準和流暢！
### **選擇題：**
1. **Which sentence structure consists of "Subject + Verb" (S + V)?**
**哪個句子結構是「主詞 + 動詞 (S + V)」？**
- a) She is a doctor.
- b) He eats an apple.
- c) She runs.
- d) They gave her a gift.
**解答：c) She runs.**
2. **Which of the following sentences uses the "Subject + Verb + Object" (S + V + O) structure?**
**以下哪句是「主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 (S + V + O)」結構？**
- a) He eats an apple.
- b) She is happy.
- c) They became friends.
- d) The book was written.
**解答：a) He eats an apple.**
3. **What is the structure of the sentence "They elected him president"?**
**「They elected him president」的結構是什麼？**
- a) S + V
- b) S + V + O
- c) S + V + IO + DO
- d) S + V + O + C
**解答：d) S + V + O + C**
4. **In a sentence like "He gave her a book," which part is the indirect object (IO)?**
**在句子「He gave her a book」中，哪個部分是間接受詞 (IO)？**
- a) He
- b) Her
- c) A book
- d) Gave
**解答：b) Her**
5. **Which sentence uses the "Subject + Verb + Complement" (S + V + C) structure?**
**哪句使用「主詞 + 動詞 + 補語 (S + V + C)」結構？**
- a) The sky is blue.
- b) He gave her a present.
- c) She sings a song.
- d) We called him captain.
**解答：a) The sky is blue.**
6. **Which sentence is an example of a passive voice structure?**
**以下哪句是被動語態的例子？**
- a) He writes the letter.
- b) The letter was written by him.
- c) They are writing letters.
- d) She reads a book.
**解答：b) The letter was written by him.**
7. **Which sentence is an example of a tag question?**
**哪一句是附加疑問句的例子？**
- a) Are you coming?
- b) He is happy, isn’t he?
- c) Do you like coffee?
- d) She sings beautifully.
**解答：b) He is happy, isn’t he?**
8. **Which sentence is an example of an exclamatory sentence?**
**哪一句是感嘆句的例子？**
- a) How beautiful the sunset is!
- b) Please pass me the book.
- c) She is running fast.
- d) They gave her a gift.
**解答：a) How beautiful the sunset is!**
9. **Which sentence represents a Wh- question structure?**
**哪一句代表 Wh- 疑問句結構？**
- a) Do you like ice cream?
- b) What time is the meeting?
- c) He is a doctor, isn’t he?
- d) There is a cat on the roof.
**解答：b) What time is the meeting?**
10. **Which of the following is an imperative sentence?**
**以下哪句是祈使句的例子？**
- a) They are playing football.
- b) Please close the door.
- c) The book is on the table.
- d) She dances beautifully.
**解答：b) Please close the door.**
---
### **填空題：**
1. **In the sentence "He gave her a gift," the word "her" is the ________ object, and "a gift" is the ________ object.**
**在句子「He gave her a gift」中，"her" 是 ________ 受詞，"a gift" 是 ________ 受詞。**
**解答：indirect, direct**
2. **In the sentence "She is a doctor," the word "doctor" functions as a ________.**
**在句子「She is a doctor」中，"doctor" 作為 ________。**
**解答：complement**
3. **In a "Wh- question," the sentence begins with a ________ word like "what," "where," or "when."**
**在 Wh- 疑問句中，句子以像 "what"、"where" 或 "when" 這樣的 ________ 詞開頭。**
**解答：question**
4. **In an imperative sentence, the subject "________" is often omitted.**
**在祈使句中，主詞 "________" 通常被省略。**
**解答：you**
5. **In the sentence "The letter was written by John," the structure is an example of ________ voice.**
**在句子「The letter was written by John」中，結構是 ________ 語態的例子。**
**解答：passive**
6. **A sentence like "What a beautiful day!" is an example of an ________ sentence.**
**像「What a beautiful day!」這樣的句子是 ________ 句子的例子。**
**解答：exclamatory**
7. **The sentence "You are coming to the meeting, aren’t you?" is an example of a ________ question.**
**句子「You are coming to the meeting, aren’t you?」是 ________ 疑問句的例子。**
**解答：tag**
8. **In the sentence "They elected him president," "president" serves as the ________.**
**在句子「They elected him president」中，"president" 作為 ________。**
**解答：complement**
9. **In a "S + V + O" sentence, the verb is followed by an ________.**
**在「S + V + O」句子中，動詞後面接的是 ________。**
**解答：object**
10. **In the sentence "He is happy," the word "happy" is the ________ of the sentence.**
**在句子「He is happy」中，"happy" 是句子的 ________。**
**解答：complement**
---
這些選擇題和填空題將幫助鞏固對五大句型、四大特殊句型以及三種疑問句的理解與應用。
### **選擇題：**
1. **Which sentence structure consists of "Subject + Verb" (S + V)?**
**哪個句子結構是「主詞 + 動詞 (S + V)」？**
- a) She is a doctor. （她是一位醫生。）
- b) He eats an apple. （他吃了一個蘋果。）
- c) She runs. （她跑步。）
- d) They gave her a gift. （他們送她一個禮物。）
**解答：c) She runs.**
**文法解說**：這個句型只包含主詞 "She" 和動詞 "runs"，屬於「主詞 + 動詞 (S + V)」的結構，沒有受詞或其他成分。
2. **Which of the following sentences uses the "Subject + Verb + Object" (S + V + O) structure?**
**以下哪句是「主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 (S + V + O)」結構？**
- a) He eats an apple. （他吃了一個蘋果。）
- b) She is happy. （她很快樂。）
- c) They became friends. （他們成為了朋友。）
- d) The book was written. （這本書是被寫的。）
**解答：a) He eats an apple.**
**文法解說**：該句有主詞 "He"、動詞 "eats" 和受詞 "an apple"，屬於「主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 (S + V + O)」結構。
3. **What is the structure of the sentence "They elected him president"?**
**「They elected him president」的結構是什麼？**
- a) S + V （主詞 + 動詞）
- b) S + V + O （主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞）
- c) S + V + IO + DO （主詞 + 動詞 + 間接受詞 + 直接受詞）
- d) S + V + O + C （主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 + 補語）
**解答：d) S + V + O + C**
**文法解說**：這個句子有主詞 "They"、動詞 "elected"、受詞 "him" 和補語 "president"，補語進一步說明受詞的身份或狀態。
4. **In a sentence like "He gave her a book," which part is the indirect object (IO)?**
**在句子「He gave her a book」中，哪個部分是間接受詞 (IO)？**
- a) He （他）
- b) Her （她）
- c) A book （一本書）
- d) Gave （給予）
**解答：b) Her**
**文法解說**：間接受詞 "her" 接受動詞動作，但並非直接的受動者，"a book" 是直接受詞。
5. **Which sentence uses the "Subject + Verb + Complement" (S + V + C) structure?**
**哪句使用「主詞 + 動詞 + 補語 (S + V + C)」結構？**
- a) The sky is blue. （天空是藍的。）
- b) He gave her a present. （他送她一份禮物。）
- c) She sings a song. （她唱了一首歌。）
- d) We called him captain. （我們叫他隊長。）
**解答：a) The sky is blue.**
**文法解說**：該句包含主詞 "The sky"、動詞 "is" 和補語 "blue"，補語描述主詞的狀態。
6. **Which sentence is an example of a passive voice structure?**
**以下哪句是被動語態的例子？**
- a) He writes the letter. （他寫信。）
- b) The letter was written by him. （這封信是他寫的。）
- c) They are writing letters. （他們在寫信。）
- d) She reads a book. （她讀了一本書。）
**解答：b) The letter was written by him.**
**文法解說**：這句是被動語態，強調動作的接受者 "The letter" 而非動作執行者 "him"。
7. **Which sentence is an example of a tag question?**
**哪一句是附加疑問句的例子？**
- a) Are you coming? （你要來嗎？）
- b) He is happy, isn’t he? （他很快樂，不是嗎？）
- c) Do you like coffee? （你喜歡咖啡嗎？）
- d) She sings beautifully. （她唱得很好。）
**解答：b) He is happy, isn’t he?**
**文法解說**：附加疑問句使用句末的 "isn't he" 來確認陳述句是否正確。
8. **Which sentence is an example of an exclamatory sentence?**
**哪一句是感嘆句的例子？**
- a) How beautiful the sunset is! （夕陽多美啊！）
- b) Please pass me the book. （請把書遞給我。）
- c) She is running fast. （她跑得很快。）
- d) They gave her a gift. （他們送她一份禮物。）
**解答：a) How beautiful the sunset is!**
**文法解說**：感嘆句使用 "How" 來強調情感，表達驚訝或欣賞。
9. **Which sentence represents a Wh- question structure?**
**哪一句代表 Wh- 疑問句結構？**
- a) Do you like ice cream? （你喜歡冰淇淋嗎？）
- b) What time is the meeting? （會議什麼時候開始？）
- c) He is a doctor, isn’t he? （他是醫生，對吧？）
- d) There is a cat on the roof. （屋頂上有一隻貓。）
**解答：b) What time is the meeting?**
**文法解說**：這是以疑問詞 "What" 開頭的特殊疑問句，尋求具體信息。
10. **Which of the following is an imperative sentence?**
**以下哪句是祈使句的例子？**
- a) They are playing football. （他們在踢足球。）
- b) Please close the door. （請關上門。）
- c) The book is on the table. （書在桌上。）
- d) She dances beautifully. （她跳舞跳得很好。）
**解答：b) Please close the door.**
**文法解說**：祈使句用來給予指令或要求，通常以動詞開頭，"please" 用來表示禮貌。
---
### **填空題：**
1. **In the sentence "He gave her a gift," the word "her" is the ________ object, and "a gift" is the ________ object.**
**在句子「He gave her a gift」中，"her" 是 ________ 受詞，"a gift" 是 ________ 受詞。**
**解答：indirect, direct**
**文法解說**：間接受詞 "her" 是接收動作的人，直接受詞 "a gift" 是動作影響的物體。
2. **In the sentence "She is a doctor," the word "doctor" functions as a ________.**
**在句子「She is a doctor」中，"doctor" 作為 ________。**
**解答：complement**
**文法解說**："Doctor" 是補語，進一步說明主詞 "She" 的身份或狀態。
3. **In a "Wh- question," the sentence begins with a ________ word like "what," "where," or "when."**
**在 Wh- 疑問句中，句子以像 "what"、"where" 或 "when" 這樣的 ________ 詞開頭。**
**解答：question**
**文法解說**：Wh- 疑問句通常以疑問詞開頭，用來詢問具體的信息。
4. **In an imperative sentence, the subject "________" is often omitted.**
**在祈使句中，主詞 "________" 通常被
省略。**
**解答：you**
**文法解說**：祈使句中的主詞通常省略，表示對聽者發出的指令。
5. **In the sentence "The letter was written by John," the structure is an example of ________ voice.**
**在句子「The letter was written by John」中，結構是 ________ 語態的例子。**
**解答：passive**
**文法解說**：這是被動語態，強調動作的接受者，而非動作者。
6. **A sentence like "What a beautiful day!" is an example of an ________ sentence.**
**像「What a beautiful day!」這樣的句子是 ________ 句子的例子。**
**解答：exclamatory**
**文法解說**：感嘆句用來表達強烈的情感，通常以 "What" 或 "How" 開頭。
7. **The sentence "You are coming to the meeting, aren’t you?" is an example of a ________ question.**
**句子「You are coming to the meeting, aren’t you?」是 ________ 疑問句的例子。**
**解答：tag**
**文法解說**：附加疑問句用來確認陳述句的真實性，句尾通常附加一個簡短的疑問部分。
8. **In the sentence "They elected him president," "president" serves as the ________.**
**在句子「They elected him president」中，"president" 作為 ________。**
**解答：complement**
**文法解說**："President" 是補語，描述受詞 "him" 的身份或角色。
9. **In a "S + V + O" sentence, the verb is followed by an ________.**
**在「S + V + O」句子中，動詞後面接的是 ________。**
**解答：object**
**文法解說**：在「主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 (S + V + O)」結構中，動詞後通常接一個受詞。
10. **In the sentence "He is happy," the word "happy" is the ________ of the sentence.**
**在句子「He is happy」中，"happy" 是句子的 ________。**
**解答：complement**
**文法解說**："Happy" 是補語，描述主詞 "He" 的狀態。
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這些中英對照和文法解說能幫助你理解五大句型、四大特殊句型及其應用。
