先前已經做過113年字彙題分析;筆者已經提點四大重點:
1). 上下文語意/語境 (context)
2). 同義詞 (synonym),或相反詞(antonym),的理解(lexicon)【字彙量】
3). 文法中的「一致性」 (agreement)
4). 配搭詞 (collocation) 的熟悉度【高中英文教科書範圍】
現在大考將至的時刻,除了用零碎的等車時間、下課時間、蹲廁所時間被7,000單字卡,另一件更值得做的事是「透過題目文句的脈絡與提示去找到答案。」
本分析會嘗試將第一大題1-10中的提示劃記出來,並透過四個原則的方向去解析題目。
1. 1. The bus driver often complains about chewing gum found under passenger seats because it is _____ and very hard to remove.
(A) sticky (B) greasy (C) clumsy (D) mighty
答案選(A)
分析:這題算是熱身題。主要是要測驗考生掌握”stick to”與”sticky”之間的聯想。
2. Jesse is a talented model. He can easily adopt an elegant ______ for a camera shoot.
(A) clap (B) toss (C) pose (D) snap
選(C)
分析:詞組聯想(relevance)。男模的工作性質是「需要大量的『擺拍』」──擺出姿勢(adopting poses, pose himself)。
3. In order to draw her family tree, Mary tried to trace her ______ back to their arrival in North America.
(A) siblings (B) commuters (C) ancestors (D) instructors
選(C)
分析:”to trace someone’s ancestors”是常見的字詞配搭(collocation);提示是”to draw her family tree”
4. Upon the super typhoon warning, Nancy rushed to the supermarket—only to find the shelves almost ______ and the stock nearly gone.
(A) blank (B) bare (C) hollow (D) queer
選(B)
分析:這題比較容易讓考生卡住;主要是在(B)和(C)選項之間掙扎。
(A)不考慮;因為”blank”通常跟白紙相關;”a blank sheet of paper”。又或者「毫無頭緒」:”Don’t give me a blank stare like that.”
(D)不相關。
(C)主要表達「中空」,例如:中空的管子”a hollow tube”;中空的原木”a hollow log”;象徵性的意涵,指「毫無價值」(a hollow victory, 空虛的勝利)
(B) bare跟”barren”【貧脊的】經常關聯在一起。比較常見的配搭有「赤手空拳」(bare-handed);裸露(沒有擺設東西)”bare floorboards”
5. Even though Jack said “Sorry!” to me in person, I did not feel any _____ in his apology.
(A) liability (B) generosity (C) integrity (D) sincerity
選(D)
分析:這題考配搭。”sincere apology”經常一起出現。
另外的變形還有:”Sincerely apologetic (about)”;”to apologize in sincerity/sincerely”
6. My grandfather has astonishing powers of _____. He can still vividly describe his first day at school as a child
(A) resolve (B) fraction (C) privilege (D) recall
選(D)
分析:考詞組關聯性。To re-call──把什麼「再」「召喚回來」:意思是回憶,”to remember”
7. Recent research has found lots of evidence to _____ the drug company’s claims about its “miracle” tablets for curing cancer.
(A) provoke (B) counter (C) expose (D) convert
選(B)
分析:考字詞配搭。證據(evidence)通常只有兩種常見搭配。
一、要嘛對抗(counter the claim)
二、要嘛支持(to support the claim)
8. Corrupt officials and misguided policies have _____ the country’s economy and burdened its people with enormous foreign debts.
(A) crippled (B) accelerated (C) rendered (D) ventured
選(A)
分析:”to cripple the economy”【使經濟跛腳】非常常見的配搭。To cripple可以代換成”to damage”。解這題的關鍵在後面的”burdening its people”──設計題目的人可能是想讓考生聯想「行動困難。」
9. As a record number of fans showed up for the baseball final, the highways around the stadium were ______ with traffic all day.
(A) choked (B) disturbed (C) enclosed (D) injected
選(A)
分析:這題似乎只能從文意解題,關鍵是”baseball final,” “highways, “traffic”
“To choke someone to death”有掐脖子致死的意思。
因此,此題選”choked”整個被掐住。
10. Studies show that the _____ unbiased media are in fact often deeply influenced by political ideology.
(A) undoubtedly (B) roughly (C) understandably (D) supposedly
選(D)
分析:這題考「相反詞」的關聯。
從題意理解,挖空的部分語意跟後者”often deeply influenced”相反,表與事實相反。亦即,理想上「應該要是」”supposedly”;現實上,則不然。
跟113年第一大題縝密的設計相比,112年來得較為鬆散:並沒有明確的由淺入深、在後半段多出會讓人絆住腳而跌倒的陷阱題。如果真要說,大概只有第4題(B) bare會讓人卡住。由此,筆者大膽假設,設計卷子的委員們仍在摸索如何設計具有鑑別度的題組。
不過,不論題目如何變化,考生應當掌握四個原則:1). 語境 (context)、2). 同義詞/相反詞(lexicon)、3). 文法「一致性」 (agreement)、 4). 配搭詞 (collocation)。
理解組題原理能幫助自己更快速解題。