【翻譯】艾瑪．華森 2014 年的聯合國演講 HeforShe

這篇2014年翻譯的演講，我用到現在，光是自己都已經不知道分享多少次了。主要是因為heforshe的觀點，算是學術以外的場域當中，對我的性別論述影響很深的一個來源。另一個有趣的地方在於，這篇是我剛進入全職翻譯界大約2年左右翻譯的作品，現在自己回頭看，會發現有許多不太順，現在的自己不太滿意的地方。但那都是過去的曾經，沒有那種曾經，也不會有現在的我。

2014.9.22


那天無意間看到Emma Watson（艾瑪．華森）在聯合國的演講，外媒報導以inspirational 非常激勵人心來形容。



說真的，因為沒有認真看過《哈利波特》，所以我對於飾演妙麗的艾瑪．華森其實不太熟悉，後來忘了什麼原因，也許是因為看到她對於女性、社會議題的關心，而在臉書 follow 她，開始覺得她是個不太一樣的藝人，但也只猜到她應該是某部份的lucky ，例如父愛母愛人人愛，所以可能人格發展的比較健全一些罷了，直到今天看了 她在聯合國的演講，我才真正對於這個年輕的女藝人肅然起敬，我想，艾瑪．華森的「成功」，應該不只在於她的好運...

若有興趣，可以直接觀看影音檔：

基於她在演講中所說的 If not me, who? If not now, when? （若我不做，誰來做？若此刻不做，更待何時？）的精神，我也將她的演講全文翻譯如下 （因為英文演講太精彩，因此保留原文，若有錯誤，歡迎指正）：

Today we are launching a campaign called “HeForShe.” I am reaching out to you because I need your help. We want to end gender inequality—and to do that we need everyone to be involved.
此時此刻，就是HeForShe運動的開始。我今天來到這裡，即是為了尋求你們的支持與協助。我們的目標是終結性別不平等，唯有你們每一個人的參與，才能使這目標成為可能。


This is the first campaign of its kind at the UN: we want to try and galvanize as many men and boys as possible to be advocates for gender equality. And we don’t just want to talk about it, but make sure it is tangible.
這是一場聯合國史上前所未有的運動：我們希望能刺激更多的男人與男孩站出來倡議性別平等。我們堅持性別平等的實現，而不希望只停留在紙上談兵。

I was appointed six months ago and the more I have spoken about feminism the more I have realized that fighting for women’s rights has too often become synonymous with man-hating. If there is one thing I know for certain, it is that this has to stop.
半年多前，我開始擔任聯合國的婦女親善大使。當我越公開討論女性主義，就越意識到，為婦女爭取權益的運動常常淪為「仇恨男性」的同義詞。而我非常確定的是，我們不能再繼續這樣看待女性主義了。

For the record, feminism by definition is: “The belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. It is the theory of the political, economic and social equality of the sexes.”
我在此鄭重聲明，女性主義的定義是：「相信男人和女人都應該擁有平等的權利和機會，女性主義所關心的是性別的政治、經濟和社會平等議題。」

I started questioning gender-based assumptions when at eight I was confused at being called “bossy,” because I wanted to direct the plays we would put on for our parents—but the boys were not.
8歲時，我因為要導一齣學校邀請父母觀賞的舞台劇，而被人說是「專橫霸道」（bossy），但同樣身為導演，男生卻不會被認為是「專橫霸道」，這點讓我百思不得其解，也是我第一次開始對於性別角色的偏見提出質疑。

When at 14 I started being sexualized by certain elements of the press.
14歲時，某些媒體看待我的眼光開始充滿了性的暗示，將我物化。

When at 15 my girlfriends started dropping out of their sports teams because they didn’t want to appear “muscly.”
15歲時，我發現身邊的女性朋友因為不想變成「金剛芭比」，紛紛退出了體育社團。


When at 18 my male friends were unable to express their feelings.
18歲時，我發現自己的男性朋友無法自在表露他們的情感。


I decided I was a feminist and this seemed uncomplicated to me. But my recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular word.Apparently I am among the ranks of women whose expressions are seen as too strong, too aggressive, isolating, anti-men and, unattractive.
因為這些緣故，我立志成為女性主義者，而且理由非常單純。但最近稍微研究之後，我發現女性主義已經變成一種不受歡迎的名詞，很明顯地，我被歸類為太堅強、太強悍、太孤僻、太仇視男人、甚至是沒有魅力的一種女人。


Why is the word such an uncomfortable one?
為什麼女性主義會這麼令人感到不舒服？


I am from Britain and think it is right that as a woman I am paid the same as my male counterparts. I think it is right that I should be able to make decisions about my own body. I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and decision-making of my country. I think it is right that socially I am afforded the same respect as men. But sadly I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to receive these rights.
作為一名英國人，我認為身為一個女人，我應該與男性同事同工同酬；我認為自己身體的決定權掌握在自己手裡；我認為英國的國家政策和公共決策應該要有女性代表我參與其中；我認為身為女人，我在社會上應該獲得與男性同等的尊重。但不幸的是，我必須承認，到目前為止，世界上沒有任何一個國家的女性能享有上述所有的權利。


No country in the world can yet say they have achieved gender equality.These rights I consider to be human rights but I am one of the lucky ones. My life is a sheer privilege because my parents didn’t love me less because I was born a daughter. My school did not limit me because I was a girl. My mentors didn’t assume I would go less far because I might give birth to a child one day. These influencers were the gender equality ambassadors that made who I am today. They may not know it, but they are the inadvertent feminists who are. And we need more of those. And if you still hate the word—it is not the word that is important but the idea and the ambition behind it. Because not all women have been afforded the same rights that I have. In fact, statistically, very few have been.
世界上沒有任何一個國家能說他們已經達到全然的性別平等。雖然我認為那些都是基本人權，但事實上，我之所以能享有那些權利，純粹只是因為我比較幸運罷了。我的人生可說是一路順遂（sheer privilege，直翻意思就是：純粹的特權人生），我父母不因為我是女兒而對我付出較少關愛；我的學校不因為我是個女生而對我諸多限制；我的經紀公司也不因為我可能日後會生小孩，而對於我的工作能力失去信心。這些對我影響極深的人都是性別平等的使者，造就了今日的我。他們不經意的一言一行，其實都顯示了他們是女性主義者，只是他們也許並不知道。我們需要的就是像他們那樣的人，而如果你仍然非常討厭女性主義這個名詞，請記住，重要的不是名稱，而是背後的概念與企圖。因為現實世界裡，沒有多少人能擁有像我一樣的好運，事實上，根據統計顯示，像我這樣的特例簡直是少之又少。

In 1997, Hilary Clinton made a famous speech in Beijing about women’s rights. Sadly many of the things she wanted to change are still a reality today. But what stood out for me the most was that only 30 per cent of her audience were male. How can we affect change in the world when only half of it is invited or feel welcome to participate in the conversation?
希拉蕊．柯林頓於1997年時在北京做了一場關於女性權益的演講，遺憾的是，當年她努力希望改善的問題至今仍然存在。我印象最深刻的是，當天演講的觀眾裡面只有30％的男性。這世界上有半數的同胞是男性，若我們希冀改變世界的話，怎麼能夠只邀請或歡迎女性參與那一場重要的對話呢？

Men—I would like to take this opportunity to extend your formal invitation. Gender equality is your issue too..
而現在——我希望藉由這次機會，正式邀請男性朋友一起為性別平等努力，因為性別平等也是與你們切身相關的議題。

Because to date, I’ve seen my father’s role as a parent being valued less by society despite my needing his presence as a child as much as my mother’s.
其中一個理由是，雖然我同樣需要父親與母親，卻也看到即使到今天，我們的社會仍然十分貶抑父親的親職角色。

I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness unable to ask for help for fear it would make them look less “macho”—in fact in the UK suicide is the biggest killer of men between 20-49; eclipsing road accidents, cancer and coronary heart disease. I’ve seen men made fragile and insecure by a distorted sense of what constitutes male success. Men don’t have the benefits of equality either.
我也看到許多男性因擔心開口尋求幫助是沒有男子氣概的表現，所以年紀輕輕就罹患精神上的疾病，——事實上，英國20-49歲男人當中，有絕大多數死於自殺，比例甚至遠遠多於交通意外、癌症和冠狀動脈血管疾病。我也看到不少男人因為扭曲的成功觀念而變得既脆弱又缺乏安全感。換句話說，男人也從未獲得真正的性別平等。

We don’t often talk about men being imprisoned by gender stereotypes but I can see that that they are and that when they are free, things will change for women as a natural consequence.
雖然我們並不常討論到男人有多麼身陷於性別刻板印象的牢籠中，但我確實看到他們的禁錮。而當他們不再受到挾制，自然而然就能扭轉女性的命運。

If men don’t have to be aggressive in order to be accepted women won’t feel compelled to be submissive. If men don’t have to control, women won’t have to be controlled.
如果男人不需要藉由逞兇鬥狠來獲得社會的認同，女人也不再需要被迫順從，如果男人不需要控制人，女人也不再需要被控制。

Both men and women should feel free to be sensitive. Both men and women should feel free to be strong… It is time that we all perceive gender on a spectrum not as two opposing sets of ideals.
無論是男人或女人，都應該要能自在隨意地表露自己敏感的心情，無論是男人或女人，都應該要能自在隨意地表現堅強的那一面。…現在這個時刻，我們都應該停止將性別視為互相對立的理想特質，反而應該將性別視為程度不一、充滿了各種可能性的光譜。

If we stop defining each other by what we are not and start defining ourselves by what we are—we can all be freer and this is what HeForShe is about. It’s about freedom.
若我們不再隨意為彼此貼上莫須有的標籤，並開始認識、瞭解真正的自己，就能活得更加自由，而這也是HeForShe 運動的目的，為要使人得自由。

I want men to take up this mantle. So their daughters, sisters and mothers can be free from prejudice but also so that their sons have permission to be vulnerable and human too—reclaim those parts of themselves they abandoned and in doing so be a more true and complete version of themselves.
我希望男性朋友也能擔起這個角色，使你們的女兒、姊妹、母親都能從性別偏見中獲得解放，並使你們的兒子從此能自在地表達脆弱、自在地表露真實的人性，重新拾回以前拋棄的自我，同時透過改變，成為更真實、更完整的自己。

You might be thinking who is this Harry Potter girl? And what is she doing up on stage at the UN. It’s a good question and trust me I have been asking myself the same thing. I don’t know if I am qualified to be here. All I know is that I care about this problem. And I want to make it better.
你心裡也許會想，這個演《哈利波特》的女生以為她是誰阿？跑來聯合國到底要做什麼？這真是個好問題，也是我不斷自問的問題。我不知道自己是否有資格站在這裡，我只知道我關心這個問題，而我想要改善這樣的情況。

And having seen what I’ve seen—and given the chance—I feel it is my duty to say something. English statesman Edmund Burke said: “All that is needed for the forces of evil to triumph is for enough good men and women to do nothing.”
既然已經見識了某些事情的發生，又有幸來到這兒，因此，我總覺得自己有責任要說些什麼。英國政治理論家柏克曾說：「惡者橫行霸道的唯一條件，就是善良男女的袖手旁觀。」

In my nervousness for this speech and in my moments of doubt I’ve told myself firmly—if not me, who, if not now, when. If you have similar doubts when opportunities are presented to you I hope those words might be helpful.
當我因為這場演講感到非常緊張，或自我懷疑的時候，我都堅定地告訴自己：若我不做，誰來做？若此刻不做，更待何時？如果你們也跟我一樣，在面臨機會時心生猶豫，希望這些話能對你們有所幫助。

Because the reality is that if we do nothing it will take 75 years, or for me to be nearly a hundred before women can expect to be paid the same as men for the same work. 15.5 million girls will be married in the next 16 years as children. And at current rates it won’t be until 2086 before all rural African girls will be able to receive a secondary education.
若我們繼續坐以待斃的話，要等到女性能與男性同工同酬，恐怕得再等75年，或我預測大約再過100年；未來16年內，會有大約1,550萬未成年少女被迫成為新娘，同時，按照目前推廣義務教育的速度來推測，可能得到2086年，才有可能實現讓每一個非洲農村地區的女童都接受高中教育的目標，這就是現實。

If you believe in equality, you might be one of those inadvertent feminists I spoke of earlier.
如果你也主張性別平等，那麼你很可能就是我之前所定義的隱性女性主義者。

And for this I applaud you.
而我衷心地為你們喝采。

We are struggling for a uniting word but the good news is we have a uniting movement. It is called HeForShe. I am inviting you to step forward, to be seen to speak up, To be the he for she. And to ask yourself if not me, who, if not now when.
一直以來，我們都朝著世界大同的目標努力，值得慶幸的是，現在出現了一項新的運動，幫助我們團結世界各個角落，那就是HeForShe。此刻，我邀請大家站出來，讓眾人看見，讓眾人聽見，讓自己成為男人，也成為女人。此刻，我們要自問的是：若我不做，誰來做？若此刻不做，更待何時？

Thank you.
謝謝大家！

原刊於 個人臉書