如何成為幸運的人

幸運的人期待世界給予正面的機會，並對此做出回應。

對於事物總是持著開放性的態度並嘗試，我認為是非常重要的關鍵。

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What we get wrong about getting what we want
我們對於如何獲得我們想要的東西有著錯誤的理解

There are two contrasting ways of pursuing wealth, power and success. The approach that works the best is also the one most people ignore.
追求財富、權力和成功有兩種截然不同的方式。最有效的方法也是大多数人忽視的。

Manifestation is defined as “the ability to cosmically attract success in life through positive self-talk, visualization, and symbolic actions.” The blockbuster 2006 book The Secret has sold over 30 million copies and cemented the concept in the popular consciousness. As of May 2023, TikTok videos tagged “manifestation” have been viewed over 34 billion times. The basic idea is to clearly define what you want and then ask “the universe” to give it to you.
展現被定義為「透過積極的自我對話、想像力和象徵性行動，在生活中宇宙吸引成功的能力」。2006年的暢銷書《秘密》已售出超過3千萬冊，並將這個概念鞏固在大眾意識中。截至2023年5月，標籤為「展現」的TikTok視頻已經觀看超過340億次。基本理念是明確定義你想要的，然後向「宇宙」提出要求。

But a recent study found that manifesters are not objectively more successful than non-manifesters. Moreover, they found “manifestation belief was related to risky financial investments and negative financial outcomes as well as overconfident estimates of the likelihood and timeframe for achieving unlikely levels of success.”
但最近的研究發現，實現者並不比非實現者在客觀上更成功。此外，他們發現“實現信念與冒險的金融投资、負面的財務结果以及對現實不太可能的成功水平的可能性和時間估計過於自信有關。”

Cosmic manifestation sounds a bit bonkers. But to a greater or lesser extent, we all try to manifest our desires. We have been culturally imbued with the ethic of pursuing clearly-defined goals with focus and determination. But I believe manifestation actually becomes problematic the more specific it gets. The risk is that successfully “manifesting” a 6 bedroom Hamptons mansion and a purple Lamborghini might not be your optimal life outcome.
宇宙展現聽起來有點瘋狂。但無論程度如何，我們都試圖實現自己的願望。我們在文化上被灌輸了追求明確目標並以專注和決心去追求的倫理觀念。但我相信，展現實際上越具體，問題就越多。風險在於成功地「展現」一座擁有六間臥室的漢普頓豪宅和一輛紫色蘭博基尼可能並非你最理想的人生結果。

One of my strongest beliefs is that, the older and more widespread a story is, the more evolutionary value it contains. “Be careful what you wish for” is a ubiquitous staple of myths and fairy tales. You go to the witch and ask for a potion… but it comes at a terrible, unexpected price. King Midas wishes for everything he touches to be turned to gold, but that includes his food and even his own daughter. If you hold on too tightly to your goals, you risk locking yourself in a prison of your own making.
我最堅信的之一就是，一個故事的年龄越久遠、傳播範圍越廣泛，它所包含的進化價值就越大。“小心你所期望的”是神話和童話中無處不在的主題。你去找巫婆，請求一瓶藥水……但它會以可怕而意想不到的代價出現。米達斯國王希望他觸碰的一切都變成黄金，但這包括了他的食物甚至是他自己的女兒。如果你過於直著於自己的目標，你就有可能將自己困在自己製造的囚籠中。

Single-minded pursuit of narrow goals blinds us to unintended negative consequences and superior alternatives.
單一追求狹隘目標會使我們對於意外的負面後果和更優選的選擇視而不見。

Learning to be Lucky
學習如何幸運

In stark contrast, “luck” appears to be both quantifiable and trainable. Long-term studies by the psychologist Richard Wiseman have had some wild and amusing results. One of his experiments involved people who defined themselves as lucky and unlucky walking down a street with a $20 bill lying on the pavement. The lucky people noticed it and unlucky people didn’t. Self-defined lucky people weren’t any better at winning random games of chance like the lottery, but they had material advantages when it came to noticing positive opportunities presented by their environment. Jason Zweig tells an appropriate story:
截然相反，“運氣”似乎既可以量化又可以訓練。心理学家理查德·威斯曼進行的長期研究取得了一些令人驚奇和有趣的结果。他的一個實驗涉及自稱幸運和不幸的人們走在一條街上，街上有一張20美元的鈔票。幸運的人注意到了，而不幸的人沒有。自稱幸運的人在像彩票這樣的随機遊戲中並不比其他人更擅長赢，但是當涉及到注意到環境中的積極機會時，他們具有物質上的優勢。杰森·兹威格講了一个合適的故事：

On a lovely morning in May 1994, Barnett Helzberg Jr. was walking past the Plaza Hotel in New York City when he heard someone yell, “Mr. Buffett!” Helzberg turned and saw a woman in a red dress talking to a man he recognized as Warren Buffett. Recalls Helzberg: “I walked up to him and said, ‘I’m Barnett Helzberg of Helzberg Diamonds in Kansas City. I’m a shareholder in Berkshire Hathaway, I really enjoy your annual meetings, and I believe that my company fits your criteria for investments.’”…
在1994年5月的一個美好的早晨，巴尼特·赫爾茨伯格二世（Barnett Helzberg Jr.）正走過纽约市的廣場酒店时，聽到有人喊道：“巴菲特先生！”赫尔茨伯格轉過身，看到一個穿着红色裙子的女人正在和一個他認出來的人——沃倫·巴菲特（Warren Buffett）交談。赫爾茨伯格回憶道：“我走上前去，對他说：‘我是堪薩斯城赫爾茨伯格鑽石公司的巴尼特·赫爾茨伯格。我是伯克希爾·哈撒韋（Berkshire Hathaway）的股東，我非常喜歡你的年度股東大會，我相信我的公司符合你的投資標準。’”

… Within weeks, Buffett had bought the company for an undisclosed price. “My luck is uncanny,” says Helzberg. “The more you believe that you’re lucky, the luckier you are.”
幾個星期內，巴菲特以未公開的價格收購了這家公司。Helzberg說：“我的運氣真是難以置信。你越相信自己是幸運的，你就越幸運。”

Seen through the lens of “luck”, Helzberg was alert to an external opportunity and capitalised immediately. He wasn’t wearing AirPods.
從「運氣」的角度來看，Helzberg對外部機會保持警覺並立即利用了它。他沒有戴著AirPods。

While they seem superficially similar, “lucky” people open themselves up to a wide range of positive outcomes, while manifesters often limit themselves to a single one. Manifesters are so focused on their goal they don’t notice the $20 bills scattered around them. Nor are they able to fluidly switch to superior paths. As Wiseman puts it:
雖然它們在表面上看起來相似，但「幸運」的人對各種正面結果敞開心扉，而「實現者」通常只限制在一個目標上。實現者如此專注於他們的目標，以至於他們沒有注意到散落在他們周圍的20美元鈔票。他們也無法流暢地轉向更優越的道路。正如Wiseman所說：

They go to parties intent on finding their perfect partner and so miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers determined to find certain type of job advertisements and as a result miss other types of jobs. Lucky people are more relaxed and open, and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for. [Emphasis added].
他們去派對的目的是尋找完美的伴侶，卻錯過了交朋友的機會。他們在報紙上專注地尋找特定類型的工作廣告，結果錯過了其他類型的工作。幸運的人更加放鬆和開放，因此他們看到的不僅僅是他們尋找的東西，還有更多。【強調部分已標記】

Another one of my strongest-held beliefs is that your flourishing is directly proportional to the amount of intelligence you attribute to things outside of yourself. Lucky people expect positive opportunities from the world, and are responsive to them. In contrast, manifesters make the locus of control their own limited willpower and thoughts. Manifesters often ignore essential external feedback, especially if it conflicts with their internal goals.
我最堅信的信念之一是，你的繁榮與你對自身以外事物的智慧歸因成正比。幸運的人期待世界給予正面的機會，並對此做出回應。相反地，實現者將控制的中心放在自己有限的意志和思想上。實現者常常忽略重要的外部反饋，特別是當它與他們內心的目標相衝突時。

How is luck trainable? Wiseman believes meditation can enhance intuition as well as relaxation. When we are anxious, our vision literally narrows. Lucky people vary their routines and seek novelty. They also maximize the number of people they interact with (I have benefitted immensely from approaching people I resonate with online).
如何培養運氣？Wiseman相信冥想可以增強直覺和放鬆。當我們焦慮時，視野實際上變窄。幸運的人改變他們的日常生活習慣，尋求新奇。他們也最大化與人互動的次數（我從與我在線上有共鳴的人接觸中受益匪淺）。

It’s nothing short of stunning how often openness comes up as one of life’s most desirable traits. Wiseman found that lucky people scored particularly high on openness in the “Big 5” personality tests. Unsurprisingly, the foundation of luck appears to be being more open to your environment, both physically and emotionally.
令人驚嘆的是，開放性經常被提及為生活中最令人嚮往的特質之一。Wiseman 發現，幸運的人在「大五人格測試」中的開放性得分特別高。毫不奇怪，幸運的基礎似乎是對環境更加開放，無論是在身體上還是情感上。

Specificially, pursuit of novelty creates “luck”, and curiosity is the emotional manifestation of novelty. If we’re more open to what attracts our attention, we’ll get a lot luckier.
具體而言，追求新奇創造了「幸運」，而好奇心則是新奇的情感表現。如果我們對吸引我們注意力的事物更加開放，我們將會更加幸運。

原文網址:

https://sapientcapital.com/insights/how-to-be-lucky/