《我是運科竹：每週閱讀一段運動科學相關文獻，強化英文閱讀理解力以及運動科學相關知識》
Noise is one of the most ubiquitous environmental pollutants, as suggested by reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Environment Agency (EEA) that noise exposure is a major public health threat affecting both physical and mental health. In the European Union alone, estimates indicate that at least 20% of the urban population are affected by the harmful effects of road traffic noise. Consequently, long-term transportation noise levels result in at least 18 million people being highly noise annoyed and further 5 million suffering from high sleep disturbances. In addition, the WHO reported a loss of more than 1.6 million healthy life years annually due to environmental noise exposure in Western European countries. Importantly, annoyance and sleep disturbance are proposed as key drivers of noise-associated non-communicable disease (NCD) onset and progression including both physical and mental health conditions. Indeed, noise exposure has been implicated in a wide range of major NCDs including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. We recently reviewed the cerebral consequences of environmental noise exposure in detail, suggesting that noise exposure could be an important but largely unrecognized risk factor for neuropsychiatric outcomes. However, in contrast to the well-established effects of noise exposure on major NCDs, and particularly on cardiovascular disease, its effects on mental health have not been mapped in detail. This is also reflected by the omission of the quantitative details of the harms of noise on mental health consequences in reports by the WHO or the EEA. This is of concern as mental health disorders may contribute substantially to the burden of disease in the population exposed to noise. Thus, this compact review on mental health identifies some areas of future research by evaluating recent findings from human and animal studies.
Vocabulary
- ubiquitous /juːˈbɪk.wə.t̬əs/：無所不在；普遍
- disturbance /dɪˈstɝː.bəns/：干擾；
- annoyance /əˈnɔɪəns/：煩惱；令人不悅
- onset/ˈɑːn.set/：開始；發病
- implicate /ˈɪm.plə.keɪt/：牽連；涉及
- neuropsychiatric / nʊr.oʊ-ˌsaɪ.kiˈæt.rɪk/：神經精神
- compact /kəmˈpækt/：小巧的；密實的
- non-communicable disease：非傳染性疾病
中文翻譯
噪音是一種最普遍的環境污染之一，根據世界衛生組織（WHO）和歐洲環境署（EEA）的報告，噪音暴露是一個影響身心健康的重大公共衛生威脅。僅在歐盟內，估計至少有20%的城市人口受到道路交通噪音的有害影響。因此，長期的運輸噪音使至少有1800萬人受到噪音困擾，另外500萬人則因此受到高度睡眠干擾。此外，WHO報告指出，由於西歐國家的環境噪音暴露，每年損失160萬以上的健康壽命年。重要的是，煩擾和睡眠干擾被提議為噪音相關非傳染性疾病（NCD）的發生和進展的關鍵驅動因素，包括身心健康狀況。事實上，噪音暴露已被牽連到多種主要的NCD，包括心血管疾病、代謝性疾病、癌症和呼吸系統疾病。本文近期詳細回顧了環境噪音暴露對大腦的影響，提出噪音暴露可能是一個重要但很大程度上未被認識到的神經精神疾病風險因素。然而，與噪音對主要NCD，特別是心血管疾病的確立效應相反，對其對心理健康的影響尚未被詳細探討。這也反映在WHO或EEA的報告中對噪音對心理健康影響的傷害數量細節的遺漏。這著實令人擔憂，因為心理健康障礙可能在受到噪音影響的人口中，對疾病的負擔有著深遠影響。因此，這份簡要的心理健康文獻回顧通過評估來自人類和動物研究的最新發現，確定了未來研究的一些方向。
參考文獻
Hahad, O., Kuntic, M., Al-Kindi, S., Kuntic, I., Gilan, D., Petrowski, K., Daiber, A., & Münzel, T. (2024). Noise and mental health: evidence, mechanisms, and consequences. Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 10.1038/s41370-024-00642-5. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00642-5
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陳映竹！ (Chen, Ying-Chu)，Ph.D. Student, M.S., M.A., CSCS*D, ACSM-EP-C.
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陳映竹同時擁有臺師大國際漢學研究所文學碩士，以及臺北市立大學運動健康科學系理學碩士。目前為臺師大體育與運動科學博士班學生。希冀透過平台持續推廣運動與健康科學相關知識，以及肌力與體能相關訓練理論及實務，並提供個人跨領域與教練自我成長歷程，讓有志從事教練產業以及斜槓工作者有所依循。
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