Everything about Homer is conjectural, but there is a widely held opinion that he was a series of poets rather than an individual.
——Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, Chapter I
荷馬的把貴族階層的生活與價值放在最前面。勇氣、榮譽、贈禮與報償構成評價行為的主要標準。這一組價值關係建立在城邦尚未成形的歷史時段，政治結構鬆散，家族與首領的威望比制度更重要。
