書摘與觀點📚15分鐘城市—拯救我們的時間與地球的解決方案

Title: The 15-Minute City: A Solution to Saving Our Time and Our Planet

書名：15分鐘城市—拯救我們的時間與地球的解決方案

Author Biography and Publication Information

作者簡介與出版資訊

Carlos Moreno is a Colombian-born French scientist renowned for his pioneering work in urban planning and smart cities.

卡洛斯·莫雷諾是一位出生於哥倫比亞的法國科學家，以其在城市規劃與智慧城市領域的先驅性工作而聞名。

He is an associate professor at the Paris IAE-Sorbonne Business School at Panthéon-Sorbonne University and the scientific director of the ETI Lab (Entrepreneurship-Territory-Innovation Chair).

他是巴黎第一大學（先賢祠-索邦大學）IAE索邦商學院的副教授，並擔任ETI實驗室（創業-領土-創新講座）的科學主任。

His research focuses on complex systems modeling, intelligent control, and urban innovation, with a particular emphasis on enhancing the quality of life in cities.

他的研究聚焦於複雜系統建模、智能控制與都市創新，尤其著重於提升城市居民的生活品質。

Globally recognized for his "15-Minute City" concept, Moreno has advised high-level national and international policymakers, including the mayor of Paris.

莫雷諾以其「15分鐘城市」概念聞名全球，並為包括巴黎市長在內的高層國家與國際政策制定者提供建議。

His work has influenced urban governance and planning initiatives across Europe and beyond.

他的工作影響了歐洲及其他地區的都市治理與規劃計畫。

By promoting proximity-based urban development, he advocates for sustainable, resilient, and human-centered cities, addressing key ecological, economic, and social challenges of contemporary urban life.

通過推動以鄰近性為基礎的都市發展，他倡導可持續、具韌性且以人為本的城市，以應對當代都市生活中的生態、經濟與社會挑戰。

Publication Details

出版詳情

Publisher: Wiley

出版社：Wiley

Publication Year: 2023

出版年份：2023年

This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the 15-Minute City model, detailing its theoretical foundations, practical applications, and global case studies.

本書全面探討了15分鐘城市模型，詳細介紹了其理論基礎、實際應用與全球案例研究。

It serves as a valuable resource for urban planners, policymakers, and scholars, offering insights into the future of sustainable and people-centric urban design.

它為城市規劃師、政策制定者與學者提供了寶貴的資源，並為可持續且以人為本的都市設計未來提供了深刻的見解。

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The 15-Minute City A Solution to Saving Our Time and Our Planet (Carlos Moreno Jan Gehl Martha Thorne)

15分鐘城市：拯救我們的時間和地球的解決方案（卡洛斯·莫雷諾、揚·蓋爾、瑪莎·索恩）

Introduction

引言

Urban planning has long grappled with the tension between mobility and proximity.

都市規劃長期以來一直面臨著移動性與鄰近性之間的緊張關係。

The "15-Minute City" concept, championed by Carlos Moreno, proposes a paradigm shift in urban development—one that reorients cities toward accessibility rather than velocity.

由卡洛斯·莫雷諾倡導的「15分鐘城市」概念，提出了都市發展的範式轉移——將城市重新定向為以可達性而非速度為導向。

This book dissects the theory, implications, and real-world applications of this model, drawing on urban case studies, historical planning doctrines, and contemporary socio-environmental challenges.

本書剖析了這個模型的理論、影響和現實應用，借鑑了都市案例研究、歷史規劃學說和當代社會環境挑戰。

At its core, the concept argues for a human-centric city where essential services—workplaces, schools, healthcare, and recreation—are within a quarter-hour reach by foot or bicycle.

在其核心，這一概念主張以人為本的城市，其中基本服務——工作場所、學校、醫療保健和休閒活動——在步行或騎自行車的四分之一小時內可達。

This radical, yet pragmatic, proposal stands as a counterpoint to decades of car-dependent sprawl, seeking to foster sustainability, resilience, and equity in urban environments.

這個激進但務實的提議，作為數十年來依賴汽車的擴張的對立面，試圖在都市環境中促進可持續性、韌性和公平。

1. The City as a Living Organism

1、城市作為一個生命體

Historically, cities have oscillated between organic evolution and deliberate planning.

歷史上，城市一直在有機演變與刻意規劃之間搖擺。

The 15-Minute City is positioned as a return to traditional patterns of urban living—neighborhoods structured around necessity rather than excessive mobility.

15分鐘城市被定位為回歸傳統的都市生活模式——以需求而非過度移動為中心結構的社區。

The Industrial Revolution imposed rigid zoning, segregating residential and economic functions, which fostered congestion, inefficiency, and alienation.

工業革命強加了僵化的分區制度，隔離了居住和經濟功能，導致了擁擠、低效和疏離。

The 20th century's fixation on the automobile exacerbated this, leading to suburbanization and fragmented urban fabrics.

20世紀對汽車的迷戀加劇了這一問題，導致郊區化和都市結構的碎片化。

The 15-Minute City counters this by advocating mixed-use zoning, compact urban forms, and pedestrian prioritization—restoring cities as dynamic, integrated entities that function in harmony with their inhabitants.

15分鐘城市通過倡導混合使用分區、緊湊的都市形式和優先行人——恢復城市作為與其居民和諧運作的動態、整合實體。

2. From Utopian Vision to Tangible Framework

2、從烏托邦願景到具體框架

Critics dismiss urban utopianism as idealistic, yet the 15-Minute City finds precedent in established planning theories.

批評者認為都市烏托邦主義是理想主義的，但15分鐘城市在既定的規劃理論中找到了先例。

The Garden City movement, Jane Jacobs’ advocacy for street vitality, and even Barcelona’s Superblocks reflect similar aspirations.

花園城市運動、珍·雅各布斯倡導的街道活力，甚至巴塞隆納的超級街區都反映了類似的願望。

Moreno’s model crystallizes these principles into a contemporary framework adaptable across diverse urban contexts.

莫雷諾的模型將這些原則結晶成適應各種都市環境的當代框架。

The model is flexible, scalable, and data-driven, leveraging digital technologies, participatory governance, and localized policy interventions to reshape cities in an incremental yet profound manner.

該模型是靈活的、可擴展的、數據驅動的，利用數位技術、參與式治理和本地化政策干預，以漸進但深刻的方式重塑城市。

3. The Architecture of Proximity

3、相似性的建築

Urban morphology plays a defining role in achieving the 15-minute paradigm.

都市形態在實現15分鐘範式中扮演著決定性的角色。

High-density, mixed-use developments are essential for ensuring functional diversity within compact areas.

高密度、混合使用開發對於確保緊湊區域內的功能多樣性至關重要。

This necessitates rethinking building typologies, public spaces, and transportation networks.

這需要重新思考建築類型、公共空間和交通網絡。

Transit-oriented development (TOD) complements this model, integrating public transport hubs with pedestrian-friendly streets.

以交通為導向的開發（TOD）補充了這個模型，將公共交通樞紐與適合行人的街道整合。

The spatial syntax of cities must shift from vehicular dominance to a people-first approach—plazas replacing parking lots, adaptive reuse of underutilized spaces, and reconfiguring streetscapes to accommodate multimodal movement.

城市的空間語法必須從以車輛為主轉向以人為先的做法——廣場取代停車場，適應性重複使用未充分利用的空間，以及重新配置街道景觀以適應多模式移動。

4. Governance and Policy Mechanisms

4、治理與政策機制

Implementing a 15-Minute City is as much a political endeavor as it is an urbanistic one.

實施15分鐘城市既是一項政治事業，也是一項都市主義事業。

Policy shifts must incentivize local economic development, reduce car dependency, and ensure equitable access to amenities.

政策轉變必須激勵地方經濟發展，減少對汽車的依賴，並確保公平地使用設施。

Zoning reforms, tax incentives for neighborhood-scale businesses, and investment in active transport infrastructure are critical levers.

分區改革、針對社區規模企業的稅收優惠，以及對主動運輸基礎設施的投資是關鍵槓桿。

The role of municipal governance is pivotal—coordinating between stakeholders, mediating conflicts, and ensuring that interventions are contextually sensitive and socially inclusive.

市政治理的角色至關重要——協調利益相關者之間的關係，調解衝突，並確保干預措施在上下文中具有敏感性和社會包容性。

5. Technology as an Enabler

5、技術作為推動者

Smart city technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to facilitate the 15-Minute City.

智慧城市技術提供了前所未有的機會來促進15分鐘城市。

Digital twins, real-time mobility data, and participatory urban platforms enable evidence-based planning and responsive governance.

數位雙胞胎、實時移動數據和參與式都市平台能夠實現基於證據的規劃和響應式治理。

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) platforms can integrate diverse transport modes into seamless networks, ensuring last-mile connectivity.

移動即服務（MaaS）平台可以將多種交通方式整合成無縫網絡，確保最後一英里的連接。

At the micro-scale, apps facilitating hyperlocal services—such as community-supported agriculture and digital coworking spaces—help reinforce the city’s self-sufficiency.

在微觀層面上，促進超本地服務的應用程序——例如社區支持的農業和數位共用工作空間——有助於增強城市的自給自足。

6. Economic Implications and Local Commerce

6、經濟影響與地方商業

A fundamental tenet of the 15-Minute City is the reinforcement of local economies.

15分鐘城市的一個基本原則是加強地方經濟。

By decentralizing commerce, reducing commuting distances, and supporting small businesses, cities can foster economic resilience.

通過分散商業、縮短通勤距離和支持小企業，城市可以培養經濟韌性。

This model reduces dependency on large-scale commercial centers and promotes diverse, neighborhood-scale enterprises.

這一模型減少了對大型商業中心的依賴，並促進了多樣化的、社區規模的企業。

The redistribution of economic activity enhances employment opportunities, circulates wealth within communities, and cultivates a robust urban economy that is less susceptible to external shocks.

經濟活動的重新分配增強了就業機會，在社區內循環財富，並培養了不易受外部衝擊影響的強大都市經濟。

7. Public Space and Social Cohesion

7、公共空間與社會凝聚力

Livable cities depend on well-designed public spaces that foster social interaction, inclusivity, and well-being.

宜居城市依賴於設計良好的公共空間，以促進社會互動、包容性和幸福感。

The 15-Minute City necessitates the reconfiguration of urban landscapes to prioritize green spaces, pedestrian-friendly streets, and multi-functional public plazas.

15分鐘城市需要重新配置都市景觀，以優先考慮綠地、適合行人的街道和多功能公共廣場。

Design interventions should be driven by placemaking principles, ensuring spaces are welcoming, adaptable, and contextually integrated.

設計干預應由場所創造原則驅動，確保空間具有歡迎性、適應性和上下文整合性。

By enhancing public realm quality, cities can encourage civic engagement, cultural vibrancy, and a stronger sense of belonging.

通過提升公共領域的品質，城市可以鼓勵公民參與、文化活力和更強的歸屬感。

8. Health and Well-being

8、健康與福祉︱

Reducing car dependency and promoting active mobility have direct health benefits.

減少對汽車的依賴和促進主動移動有直接的健康益處。

Walkable neighborhoods improve physical health, lower stress levels, and encourage healthier lifestyles.

適合步行的社區改善身體健康，降低壓力水平，並鼓勵更健康的生活方式。

Urban environments that facilitate social interaction contribute to mental well-being and reduce urban loneliness.

促進社會互動的都市環境有助於心理健康並減少都市孤獨感。

Additionally, access to fresh food, healthcare facilities, and recreational spaces within close proximity plays a vital role in improving public health outcomes, mitigating chronic diseases, and fostering holistic wellness.

此外，接近新鮮食物、醫療設施和休閒空間的便利性，在改善公共衛生結果、緩解慢性病和促進整體健康方面發揮著重要作用。

9.Sustainability and Environmental Impact

9、永續性與環境影響︱

By minimizing reliance on automobiles and emphasizing local living, the 15-Minute City can significantly reduce carbon emissions.

通過最小化對汽車的依賴和強調地方生活，15分鐘城市可以顯著減少碳排放。

Sustainable mobility solutions, such as cycling infrastructure and efficient public transport, mitigate environmental degradation.

永續的移動解決方案，如自行車基礎設施和高效的公共交通，減緩環境退化。

Green building standards, renewable energy integration, and water-sensitive urban design should complement this shift toward sustainability.

綠色建築標準、可再生能源整合和水敏感都市設計應補充這一向可持續性的轉變。

Compact urban forms inherently promote resource efficiency, reducing land consumption and preserving ecological corridors within metropolitan areas.

緊湊的都市形式本質上促進資源效率，減少土地消耗並保護大都市區內的生態走廊。

10. Housing and Affordability

10、住房與負擔能力

Equitable housing policies are critical to ensuring that proximity-based urban models do not exacerbate socio-economic disparities.

公平的住房政策對確保基於鄰近性的都市模型不加劇社會經濟差距至關重要。

Mixed-income housing developments, inclusionary zoning, and rental stabilization measures can prevent displacement and gentrification.

混合收入住房開發、包容性分區和租金穩定措施可以防止搬遷和士紳化。

Affordable housing should be integrated within urban cores, ensuring all residents benefit from the accessibility and quality-of-life improvements that the 15-Minute City affords.

負擔得起的住房應該整合在都市核心內，確保所有居民都能從15分鐘城市提供的可達性和生活品質提升中受益。

Holistic planning frameworks must account for diverse demographics and economic segments to maintain inclusive and balanced urban growth.

全面的規劃框架必須考慮到多樣化的人口和經濟階層，以維持包容性和平衡的都市成長。

11. Transportation and Mobility Networks

11、交通與移動網絡

A key challenge in realizing the 15-Minute City is rethinking urban mobility.

實現15分鐘城市的一個關鍵挑戰是重新思考都市移動。

Transport planning must shift away from car-centric models toward multimodal, sustainable networks.

交通規劃必須從以汽車為中心的模型轉向多模式、可持續的網絡。

Prioritizing non-motorized transport—such as walking and cycling—requires investment in safe, interconnected pathways.

優先考慮非機動交通——如步行和騎自行車——需要投資於安全、相互連接的途徑。

Public transit should be optimized for efficiency, frequency, and accessibility, ensuring seamless movement across neighborhoods.

公共交通應針對效率、頻率和可達性進行優化，確保在社區間無縫移動。

Integrated transport hubs and smart mobility solutions can support the vision of a low-carbon, accessible city.

整合的交通樞紐和智慧移動解決方案可以支持低碳、可達城市的願景。

12. The Role of Urban Design and Architecture

12、都市設計與建築的角色

The built environment plays a crucial role in facilitating the 15-Minute City.

建造環境在促進15分鐘城市中扮演著關鍵角色。

Architectural interventions should emphasize human-scaled design, mixed-use developments, and flexible spaces that accommodate diverse functions.

建築干預應強調以人為尺度的設計、混合使用開發和適應多種功能的靈活空間。

Design strategies such as passive ventilation, biophilic elements, and adaptive reuse of existing structures contribute to livability and sustainability.

如被動通風、生物親和元素和現有結構的適應性重複使用等設計策略有助於提高宜居性和永續性。

Urban design must align with socio-cultural contexts, ensuring that interventions are not only functional but also reflective of local identity and heritage.

都市設計必須與社會文化背景一致，確保干預措施不僅具有功能性，還能反映當地身份和遺產。

13. Education and Learning Environments

13、教育與學習環境

A truly accessible city must prioritize education within close proximity to residential areas.

真正可達的城市必須優先考慮在住宅區附近提供教育。

The 15-Minute City model encourages the integration of schools, libraries, and learning hubs within walkable distances, fostering a culture of lifelong learning.

15分鐘城市模型鼓勵在步行可達的距離內整合學校、圖書館和學習中心，培養終身學習的文化。

Decentralized education facilities not only support academic development but also serve as community anchors, promoting intergenerational interaction and knowledge sharing.

分散的教育設施不僅支持學術發展，還作為社區的錨點，促進代際互動和知識分享。

Flexible educational spaces, outdoor classrooms, and technology-enhanced learning environments can further reinforce the adaptability and resilience of urban education systems.

靈活的教育空間、戶外教室和技術增強的學習環境可以進一步增強都市教育系統的適應性和韌性。

14. Workspaces and the Future of Employment

14、工作空間與就業的未來

Remote and hybrid work models have accelerated the need for decentralized employment hubs.

遠程和混合工作模式加速了對分散就業中心的需求。

The 15-Minute City envisions a future where co-working spaces, digital hubs, and mixed-use developments allow professionals to work closer to home.

15分鐘城市設想了一個未來，共用工作空間、數位中心和混合使用開發讓專業人士能夠在家附近工作。

This reduces commuting stress, enhances productivity, and supports local economies by stimulating demand for nearby services.

這減少了通勤壓力，提高了生產力，並通過刺激對附近服務的需求來支持地方經濟。

Policies must encourage flexible zoning to accommodate these evolving work dynamics, ensuring equitable access to professional opportunities across all urban districts.

政策必須鼓勵靈活的分區以適應這些不斷演變的工作動態，確保所有都市區域都能公平地獲得專業機會。

15. Safety, Security, and Urban Governance

15、安全、保障與都市治理

Safe and secure neighborhoods are fundamental to the success of the 15-Minute City.

安全的社區是15分鐘城市成功的基礎。

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) principles should guide urban layouts, enhancing natural surveillance, community policing, and well-lit public spaces.

通過環境設計預防犯罪（CPTED）原則應指導都市佈局，增強自然監控、社區警務和照明良好的公共空間。

Governance frameworks must empower local authorities and community-led initiatives to foster accountability, social cohesion, and participatory urbanism.

治理框架必須賦予地方當局和社區領導的計劃權力，以促進責任感、社會凝聚力和參與式都市主義。

Digital tools such as smart surveillance and predictive policing can enhance security while maintaining residents’ privacy and trust.

如智慧監控和預測性警務等數位工具可以增強安全性，同時維護居民的隱私和信任。

16. Cultural Infrastructure and Identity

16、文化基礎設施與身份

Cities thrive on cultural vibrancy, and the 15-Minute City must integrate cultural venues—galleries, theaters, and performance spaces—within accessible distances.

城市因文化活力而繁榮，15分鐘城市必須在可達距離內整合文化場所——畫廊、劇院和表演空間。

Investing in local arts initiatives and heritage conservation enriches urban identity, fostering civic pride and cross-cultural dialogue.

投資於地方藝術計劃和遺產保護豐富了都市身份，培養了公民自豪感和跨文化對話。

Adaptive reuse of historic structures, pop-up cultural events, and public art installations can further invigorate neighborhoods, ensuring cultural continuity while embracing contemporary urban expressions.

對歷史結構的適應性重複使用、快閃文化活動和公共藝術安裝可以進一步活躍社區，確保文化連續性同時擁抱當代都市表達。

17. Community Engagement and Participatory Planning

17、社區參與與參與式規劃

A successful urban transformation hinges on community involvement.

成功的都市轉型取決於社區參與。

Participatory planning ensures that residents have a voice in shaping their environments, fostering a sense of ownership and responsibility.

參與式規劃確保居民在塑造他們的環境中擁有發言權，培養所有權和責任感。

Digital platforms, town hall meetings, and citizen-led design workshops facilitate direct engagement, bridging the gap between governance and grassroots activism.

數位平台、市政廳會議和公民領導的設計工作坊促進直接參與，彌合治理與基層行動主義之間的差距。

Equitable representation in decision-making processes helps tailor interventions to local needs, ensuring the 15-Minute City remains inclusive and adaptable.

在決策過程中公平的代表性有助於根據當地需求調整干預措施，確保15分鐘城市保持包容性和適應性。

18. Resilience and Climate Adaptation

18、韌性與氣候適應

Urban resilience is crucial in the face of climate change.

面對氣候變遷，都市韌性至關重要。

The 15-Minute City must incorporate adaptive strategies such as flood-resistant infrastructure, heat-mitigating urban greening, and energy-efficient buildings.

15分鐘城市必須納入適應性策略，如抗洪基礎設施、緩解熱島效應的都市綠化和節能建築。

Green roofs, permeable surfaces, and decentralized energy grids enhance climate resilience while improving urban livability.

綠色屋頂、透水表面和分散式能源網格增強氣候韌性，同時改善都市宜居性。

Policymakers should integrate climate-responsive design principles to safeguard communities against environmental risks and future-proof urban ecosystems.

政策制定者應整合響應氣候的設計原則，以保護社區免受環境風險的影響，並確保都市生態系統的未來。

19、The Role of Data and Artificial Intelligence

19、數據與人工智慧的角色

Smart data analytics and AI-driven urban solutions can optimize the implementation of the 15-Minute City.

智慧數據分析和AI驅動的都市解決方案可以優化15分鐘城市的實施。

Real-time mobility data, predictive analytics, and geospatial mapping allow planners to identify gaps in accessibility and infrastructure distribution.

實時移動數據、預測分析和地理空間映射允許規劃者識別可達性和基礎設施分佈中的差距。

AI-powered public transport scheduling, dynamic road pricing, and automated waste management improve urban efficiency.

AI驅動的公共交通調度、動態道路定價和自動化廢物管理提高了都市效率。

Ethical considerations must guide the deployment of such technologies, ensuring inclusivity, transparency, and data privacy.

倫理考量必須指導此類技術的部署，確保包容性、透明度和數據隱私。

20. Policy Integration and Multi-Scalar Urbanism

20、政策整合與多尺度都市主義

The 15-Minute City concept should not function in isolation but rather be integrated into broader regional and national planning frameworks.

15分鐘城市概念不應孤立運作，而應整合到更廣泛的區域和國家規劃框架中。

Multi-scalar urbanism ensures cohesion between neighborhood-scale interventions and metropolitan strategies.

多尺度都市主義確保社區規模的干預與大都市策略之間的凝聚力。

Interjurisdictional collaboration among municipal, regional, and federal authorities can streamline funding mechanisms, legislative support, and cross-city knowledge exchange, reinforcing the scalability and longevity of the model.

市政、區域和聯邦當局之間的跨轄區合作可以簡化資金機制、立法支持和跨城市知識交流，強化模型的可擴展性和持久性。

21. Measuring Success and Impact Assessment

21、衡量成功與影響評估

Defining key performance indicators (KPIs) is essential to evaluating the effectiveness of the 15-Minute City.

定義關鍵績效指標（KPI）對於評估15分鐘城市的有效性至關重要。

Metrics such as walkability scores, accessibility indices, economic activity levels, and environmental impact assessments provide quantitative insights into progress.

如步行得分、可達性指數、經濟活動水平和環境影響評估等指標，提供了對進展的量化見解。

Longitudinal studies, citizen feedback loops, and adaptive policymaking should continuously refine and optimize urban strategies, ensuring that the model evolves in response to societal and technological shifts.

縱向研究、市民回饋迴圈和適應性政策制定應持續 refinement和優化城市策略，確保該模型能夠隨社會和技術變遷而演進。

Conclusion

結論

The 15-Minute City is not merely an urban planning concept but a broader socio-economic and environmental proposition.

15分鐘城市不僅是一個城市規劃概念，而是一個更廣泛的社會經濟和環境提案。

It challenges long-standing planning orthodoxies, advocating for a recalibrated balance between movement and place.

它挑戰長期存在的規劃正統，倡導重新調整移動與場所之間的平衡。

While contextual adaptations are necessary, its principles remain universally relevant—offering a roadmap toward more resilient, sustainable, and human-centered urban futures.

雖然需要根據情境進行調整，但其原則仍然具有普遍的相關性——提供了一條通往更具韌性、可持續性和以人為本的城市未來的路線圖。

Achieving this vision requires political will, civic engagement, and an interdisciplinary approach that synthesizes architecture, policy, and technology into a coherent urban paradigm.

實現這一願景需要政治意願、公民參與，以及一個跨學科的方法，將建築、政策和技術整合成一個連貫的城市典範。

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Taiwan’s Urban Renewal Conundrum and the Viability of the 15-Minute City

台灣都市更新的困境與「15 分鐘城市」的可行性

Urban Renewal in Taiwan: A Stalled Endeavour?

台灣都市更新：停滯不前的努力？

Urban renewal in Taiwan remains a quagmire of legal complexities, fragmented ownership, and socio-economic disparities.

台灣的都市更新陷入法律複雜性、土地所有權分散及社會經濟不平衡的泥沼之中。

While major cities such as Taipei, Kaohsiung, and Taichung have long recognised the need for rejuvenation, progress has been slow, with policies often favouring developers over communities.

儘管台北、高雄與台中等大城市早已意識到更新的必要性，但進展緩慢，政策多半傾向於開發商，而非在地社區。

The current system, relying heavily on private-sector involvement, has led to a piecemeal approach where redevelopment projects focus on high-value districts while neglecting structurally vulnerable or socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods.

現行制度過度依賴私人企業，導致都市更新呈現零散發展的狀態，優先關注高價地區，卻忽略了結構老化或社經地位較低的社區。

Taiwan’s urban fabric is an amalgamation of dense, mixed-use environments juxtaposed against ageing low-rise structures that are increasingly incompatible with modern sustainability and resilience goals.

台灣的都市結構由高密度、混合用途的環境與老舊低層建築組成，這些建築日益難以符合現代永續與韌性發展的目標。

The dominance of speculative real estate markets has exacerbated affordability issues, while resistance from long-time residents further complicates large-scale redevelopment.

投機性房地產市場的主導進一步加劇了房價負擔問題，而長住居民的抗拒也使大規模更新更加困難。

The inability to reconcile government aspirations with local stakeholders’ concerns has resulted in prolonged disputes, stalling progress and leaving many districts in a state of limbo.

政府的發展願景與地方利益相關者的訴求難以調和，導致長期爭議，使許多地區停滯不前。

The 15-Minute City: A Model for Taiwan?

「15 分鐘城市」：適用於台灣的模式嗎？

The 15-Minute City, a concept pioneered by Carlos Moreno and embraced by cities like Paris and Melbourne, presents a compelling framework for Taiwan’s urban renewal ambitions.

由卡洛斯·莫雷諾提出並在巴黎與墨爾本等城市推行的「15 分鐘城市」概念，為台灣的都市更新提供了一個吸引人的框架。

At its core, the model advocates for self-sufficient urban environments where daily necessities—work, education, healthcare, and recreation—are all accessible within a short walk or bike ride.

其核心理念是打造自給自足的都市環境，確保工作、教育、醫療與休閒等基本需求，都能在短距離步行或騎乘自行車內獲得滿足。

The principle aligns well with Taiwan’s existing urban morphology, where a tradition of mixed-use zoning has long facilitated local economies and pedestrian-oriented lifestyles.

這一理念與台灣現有的都市形態相符，台灣的混合用途區劃傳統早已促進地方經濟發展與以步行為導向的生活方式。

However, the applicability of the 15-Minute City concept in Taiwan is not without challenges.

然而，「15 分鐘城市」在台灣的適用性並非沒有挑戰。

Unlike European cities that have restructured mobility networks to prioritise walking and cycling, Taiwan’s urban landscape remains deeply reliant on scooters and private vehicles.

與已經優先發展步行與自行車網絡的歐洲城市不同，台灣的都市仍然高度依賴機車與私人汽車。

The narrow, irregular street patterns in older districts, coupled with limited pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, present spatial challenges that must be overcome to make this vision feasible.

老舊社區狹窄且不規則的街道結構，加上缺乏完善的步行友善設施，構成了必須克服的空間挑戰，以實現這一願景。

Furthermore, the fragmented nature of Taiwan’s land ownership complicates efforts to implement large-scale urban restructuring.

此外，台灣土地所有權分散，使得大規模都市重整的推動變得更加困難。

Many properties are held by multiple generations of families, making it difficult to achieve consensus on redevelopment projects.

許多物業由多代家族共同持有，導致在都市更新項目上難以達成共識。

Without significant policy interventions and incentives, the risk of inertia remains high.

如果缺乏重大政策干預與誘因，都市更新可能繼續陷入停滯。

Yet, despite these challenges, the 15-Minute City concept offers tangible benefits that could drive Taiwan’s urban transformation.

儘管面臨挑戰，「15 分鐘城市」仍然提供了可行的優勢，能夠推動台灣都市的轉型。

By focusing on decentralisation, compact living, and improved accessibility, this model has the potential to reduce urban congestion, lower carbon footprints, and enhance overall quality of life.

透過強調分散發展、緊湊型居住與提升可及性，這一模式可望減少都市擁擠、降低碳排放，並提升整體生活品質。

Moreover, the integration of smart city technologies—such as real-time mobility data, digital governance platforms, and adaptive public transport systems—can help overcome some of the existing infrastructural barriers.

此外，智慧城市技術的整合，如即時移動數據、數位治理平台與適應性公共交通系統，也能幫助克服部分現有的基礎設施障礙。

For Taiwan to successfully adopt the 15-Minute City framework, a hybrid approach is required—one that considers the country’s unique urban fabric while integrating global best practices.

要讓台灣成功採納「15 分鐘城市」框架，需要一種混合模式，既考慮本地都市特性，又結合國際最佳實踐。

This means prioritising public space revitalisation, ensuring equitable development, and restructuring mobility networks to reduce car dependency.

這意味著要優先活化公共空間、確保公平發展，並重構移動網絡，以減少對汽車的依賴。

In doing so, Taiwan can create cities that are not only more sustainable and resilient but also more attuned to the needs of their residents.

透過這些措施，台灣將能夠打造更具永續性與韌性的城市，同時更加貼近居民需求。

In doing so, Taiwan can create cities that are not only more sustainable and resilient but also more attuned to the needs of their residents.

如此一來，台灣能夠打造出不僅更加永續且具韌性，同時也更符合居民需求的城市。

Strategies for Implementation

實施策略

Adopting the 15-Minute City concept within Taiwan’s urban renewal framework necessitates a series of targeted interventions:

在台灣的都市更新框架中引入「15分鐘城市」概念，需要一系列有針對性的措施：

Mixed-Use Zoning and Density Redistribution

混合使用分區與密度重新分配

Taiwan already exhibits an inherent mix of residential and commercial spaces, but many older districts suffer from fragmented land use patterns.

台灣已經展現出住宅與商業空間的自然混合，但許多老舊區域卻面臨土地使用模式零碎化的問題。

Policy incentives should encourage mid-rise, mixed-use developments that integrate housing, workspaces, and retail while maintaining the scale and character of existing neighbourhoods.

政策激勵應鼓勵中層建築與混合使用開發，整合住宅、工作空間與零售，同時保留現有社區的規模與特色。

Reconfiguring Mobility Networks

交通網絡重構

A transition towards pedestrian-friendly streets and reduced vehicle dependency requires a reallocation of road space.

邁向行人友善街道與減少車輛依賴的轉變，需要重新分配道路空間。

Cities such as Paris have successfully implemented ‘superblocks’—a concept Taiwan could explore by designating car-free zones and enhancing public transport linkages within short-distance travel networks.

巴黎等城市已成功實施「超級街區」概念，台灣可以透過劃定無車區並強化短距離交通網絡中的公共交通連結來探索這一模式。

Affordable Housing and Equitable Development

可負擔住房與公平發展

Urban renewal in Taiwan has often been synonymous with gentrification, displacing lower-income residents in favour of high-end real estate projects.

台灣的都市更新往往與高檔化劃上等號，導致低收入居民被迫搬遷，為高端房地產項目讓路。

A 15-Minute City approach must incorporate inclusionary zoning policies that mandate affordable housing quotas, ensuring that accessibility benefits all socio-economic groups.

「15分鐘城市」模式必須納入包容性分區政策，規定可負擔住房配額，確保所有社會經濟群體都能享有便利性。

Public Space Revitalisation

公共空間活化

The quality of public spaces is crucial in fostering community engagement.

公共空間的品質對於促進社區參與至關重要。

Taiwan’s renewal projects should prioritise green infrastructure, including pocket parks, shaded pedestrian corridors, and multi-functional community hubs that serve both social and environmental functions.

台灣的更新項目應優先考慮綠色基礎設施，包括小型公園、遮蔭人行步道以及兼具社會與環境功能的多功能社區中心。

Decentralised Employment and Digital Integration

分散式就業與數位整合

The post-pandemic shift towards remote and hybrid work models offers an opportunity to decentralise employment centres.

疫情後遠程與混合工作模式的轉變，為分散就業中心提供了機會。

Encouraging the development of co-working spaces and localised business hubs can reduce commuting burdens while strengthening neighbourhood economies.

鼓勵共享辦公空間與在地商業中心的發展，既能減輕通勤負擔，也能強化社區經濟。

Conclusion

結論

While Taiwan’s urban renewal process remains fraught with challenges, integrating the 15-Minute City model presents a path towards more sustainable, inclusive, and resilient urban environments.

儘管台灣的都市更新過程仍充滿挑戰，但整合「15分鐘城市」模式為更永續、包容且具韌性的城市環境提供了一條可行之路。

However, its success hinges on policy reforms that balance economic viability with social equity.

然而，其成功與否取決於能否在政策改革中平衡經濟可行性與社會公平。

Lessons from global implementations indicate that the model is not a rigid blueprint but a flexible framework adaptable to local contexts.

全球實施經驗表明，這一模式並非僵化的藍圖，而是能適應地方情境的靈活框架。

For Taiwan, this means recalibrating development priorities to reinforce existing urban strengths while mitigating the socio-economic dislocations that often accompany renewal efforts.

對台灣而言，這意味著重新調整發展優先順序，以強化現有城市優勢，同時減輕更新過程中常見的社會經濟失衡問題。

Ultimately, a people-centric approach—one that places accessibility, mobility, and community well-being at the heart of urban planning—will determine whether Taiwan’s cities evolve beyond their current stagnation and towards a truly liveable future.

最終，以人為本的方式——將便利性、移動性與社區福祉置於城市規劃的核心——將決定台灣的城市是否能突破當前的停滯，邁向真正宜居的未來。