你不中用,你再也
不中用,黑鞋
我住在裡面,像腳
住了三十年,慘而白,
不敢呼吸或哈啾。
爹地,我早該殺了你。
你死於我有時間下手之前──
重如大理石,一整袋上帝,
駭人的雕像有隻灰腳趾
大得像三藩市的海豹
頭伸進詭異的大西洋,
把豆綠撒在湛藍之上,
在瑙塞之外的美麗海域。
我曾祈禱你回來。
Ach, du.
講德語,在那波蘭城鎮
被蹂躪輾平,被戰爭、
戰爭、戰爭的輪。
但那城鎮的名字很常見。
我的波蘭朋友
說有一二十來處。
所以我永遠無法弄清楚,你
把腳跟,把根放在哪裡,
我永遠無法和你對話。
舌頭卡在我下顎。
卡在鐵絲網陷阱。
Ich, ich, ich, ich,
我說不出話語。
我覺得每個德國人都是你。
而這語言淫猥
如引擎、引擎
噴氣把我當猶太人帶走。
猶太人,送往達紹、奧許維茲、貝森。
我開始講話像猶太人。
我想我可能是猶太人。
提洛爾的雪峰,維也納清澈的啤酒
並不怎麼純或真。
我有吉普賽女祖先與怪異運氣
有塔羅牌、塔羅牌
我可能有點是猶太人。
我一向害怕你,
你的空軍,你的嘎啵噠咕。
你整齊的小鬍鬚,
阿利安人明亮的藍眼珠。
坦克手、坦克手,噢,你──
不是上帝而是卍字
黑得天空無法穿透。
每個女人都愛法西斯主義者,
靴子踩在臉上,禽獸
禽獸的心像你這樣的禽獸。
我有一張你的照片,爹地,
你站在黑板旁,
有裂縫在下巴,不在腳上
但你依然是惡魔,不,不
輸把我可愛的心臟
咬成兩半的黑色男人。
他們埋葬你時我才十歲。
二十歲我嘗試一死
要回到、回到、回到你身邊。
甚至覺得枯骨相伴也好。
但他們把我從劫難拉出,
把我拼起來用膠水黏住,
然後我知道該怎麼做。
我造了你的模型一座,
一身黑,「我的奮鬥」的神態
及對拷打檯與夾指刑的愛。
我說:沒錯,沒錯。
於是爹地,我終於解脫。
黑色電話的根部鬆脫,
聲音怎樣都蠕動不過。
如果我殺了一人,我殺了兩個──
那吸血鬼自稱是你,
喝了我的血一年,
七年,如果你想了解。
爹地,現在你可以安歇。
木樁插在你肥胖黑色心臟
村民從沒喜歡過你。
他們跳舞,踐踏你。
他們一向知道那是你。
爹地、爹地,你這渾蛋,我已解脫。
譯註:
譯者按:
希薇雅.普拉斯(Slyvia Plath, 1932–1963),美國懺情派(Confessional movement)傳奇詩人。生於麻州,就讀史密斯學院(Smith College),才華洋溢,卻為憂鬱症所苦。二十歲,服用安眠藥自殺未遂。畢業後,獲傅爾布萊特獎學金(Fulbright Scholarship)赴劍橋大學(臺灣商務印書館出版的普拉斯詩集《精靈》誤植為牛津大學)留學,1956年,初識英國詩人泰德.休斯(Ted Hughes, 1930–1998),半年內閃電結婚。1960年,第一本詩集《巨靈》(The Colossus)在英國出版,兩年後在美出版。1962年,離婚,泰德.休斯另組家庭,是年冬天,普拉斯草成下一本詩集《精靈》(Ariel)。翌年,出版唯一一本小說《鐘形罩》(The Bell Jar,又譯《瓶中美人》),二月十一日,堵死門窗後,將頭伸進烤箱自殺。死後,泰德.休斯整理其遺稿出版。1982年,普拉斯死後十九年,以《全集》(The Collected Poems)破例獲搬普立茲獎。
詩人的父親歐托.普拉斯(Otto Plath, 1885–1940)為昆蟲學家,德國人,十六歲移民美國,曾就讀神學院,後改入哈佛大學,取得碩士及博士學位,並於波士頓大學教授生物及德文。第二次世界大戰期間,因德國血統,遭聯邦調查局(FBI)調查是否為納粹份子,唯調查結果顯示其清白。
作於1962年、長達八十行的〈爹地〉是普拉斯剖析父女關係的力作。不知道從什麼時候開始,臺灣流行起「女兒是父親前世的情人」的說法,普拉斯筆下的親子關係卻是愛恨轇轕、摧枯拉朽的黑洞。女兒弒父又戀父,指控父親是納粹、希特勒、吸血鬼,自比為遭迫害的猶太人和吉普賽,想手刃父親,卻走不出喪父的傷痛,五度親暱地喊爹地,「我曾祈禱你回來」、「回到、回到、回到你身邊。∕甚至覺得枯骨相伴也好」,流露的是世間子女最強烈的孺慕思念,甚至願意與父親的模型結婚。倒數第三節,詩人將父親墳前斷根的植物喻為斷線的電話,把聲音喻為蟲,但即使蟲能鑽到黃泉,又怎麼可能找到父親?
大膽的意象、狂熱的聲韻(讀者可以找找,光是一個ㄨ韻,普拉斯就用上了多少韻腳)、詩人因德國血統而背負的歷史罪惡感、對父親的誤解與控訴……在在使〈爹地〉成為狂飆才女普拉斯最受議論的作品。
原文:
Daddy
You do not do, you do not do
Any more, black shoe
In which I have lived like a foot
For thirty years, poor and white,
Barely daring to breathe or Achoo.
Daddy, I have had to kill you.
You died before I had time—
Marble-heavy, a bag full of God,
Ghastly statue with one gray toe
Big as a Frisco seal
And a head in the freakish Atlantic
Where it pours bean green over blue
In the waters off beautiful Nauset.
I used to pray to recover you.
Ach, du.
In the German tongue, in the Polish town
Scraped flat by the roller
Of wars, wars, wars.
But the name of the town is common.
My Polack friend
Says there are a dozen or two.
So I never could tell where you
Put your foot, your root,
I never could talk to you.
The tongue stuck in my jaw.
It stuck in a barb wire snare.
Ich, ich, ich, ich,
I could hardly speak.
I thought every German was you.
And the language obscene
An engine, an engine
Chuffing me off like a Jew.
A Jew to Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen.
I began to talk like a Jew.
I think I may well be a Jew.
The snows of the Tyrol, the clear beer of Vienna
Are not very pure or true.
With my gipsy ancestress and my weird luck
And my Taroc pack and my Taroc pack
I may be a bit of a Jew.
I have always been scared of you,
With your Luftwaffe, your gobbledygoo.
And your neat mustache
And your Aryan eye, bright blue.
Panzer-man, panzer-man, O You—
Not God but a swastika
So black no sky could squeak through.
Every woman adores a Fascist,
The boot in the face, the brute
Brute heart of a brute like you.
You stand at the blackboard, daddy,
In the picture I have of you,
A cleft in your chin instead of your foot
But no less a devil for that, no not
Any less the black man who
Bit my pretty red heart in two.
I was ten when they buried you.
At twenty I tried to die
And get back, back, back to you.
I thought even the bones would do.
But they pulled me out of the sack,
And they stuck me together with glue.
And then I knew what to do.
I made a model of you,
A man in black with a Meinkampf look
And a love of the rack and the screw.
And I said I do, I do.
So daddy, I'm finally through.
The black telephone's off at the root,
The voices just can't worm through.
If I've killed one man, I've killed two—
The vampire who said he was you
And drank my blood for a year,
Seven years, if you want to know.
Daddy, you can lie back now.
There's a stake in your fat black heart
And the villagers never liked you.
They are dancing and stamping on you.
They always knew it was you.
Daddy, daddy, you bastard, I'm through.
12 October 1962