在學術方面,其實早在Sloan, R. G. (1996)的研究就指出,有高比例的應計項目的公司會有較低的預期報酬,其背後的理論基礎可能是現今的會計制度對於應計項目的價值有高估的傾向,這個現象被稱作應計項目異象(Accrual Anomaly),而在Pincus, M., Rajgopal, S., & Venkatachalam, M. (2007)也證實此現象在各國市場皆存在。
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Hirshleifer, D., Hou, K., & Teoh, S. H. (2012). The accrual anomaly: risk or mispricing?. Management Science, 58(2), 320-335.
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