每日英語 #032: 四種特定的健康行為有助於延長壽命
Four Specific Health Behaviors Contribute to a Longer Life 四種特定的健康行為有助於延長壽命
Four things people do—or don’t do—are responsible for a lot of the illnesses related to “chronic” (occurring over a long period of time) diseases that lead to death. They are: a lack of “physical activity” (exercise), poor “nutrition” (eating and drinking the things the body needs to stay strong and healthy), “tobacco use” (smoking and using other tobacco products), and too much “alcohol consumption” (drinking liquor). Seven out of 10 deaths among Americans each year are from chronic diseases, such as heart disease. They “account for” (explain) more than 50% of all deaths each year.
人們做或不做的四件事情對於許多與「慢性」（長時間發生的）疾病有關的疾病負有責任，這些疾病導致死亡。它們是：缺乏「體力活動」（運動）、不良的「營養」（吃喝身體需要的東西以保持強壯和健康）、「煙草使用」（吸煙和使用其他煙草製品）、以及過量的「酒精消費」（喝酒）。每年美國人中有七成的死亡是由慢性疾病如心臟病引起的。它們「解釋了」每年超過50%的所有死亡。
Considering this, we know that people can live longer if they have a healthy “lifestyle” (way of living), including not smoking, eating a healthy “diet” (the combination of what a person eats daily), getting regular physical activity, and limiting alcohol consumption. Not smoking provides the most protection from dying early from all “causes” (reasons for illness). “Experts” (specialists; people with a lot of knowledge about something) say that
考慮到這一點，我們知道如果人們有健康的「生活方式」（生活方式），包括不吸煙、吃健康的「飲食」（一個人每天吃的食物組合）、定期進行體力活動和限制酒精消費，他們可以活得更長。不吸煙是從所有「原因」（疾病的原因）中提供最好的早逝保護。「專家」（專家；對某些事情有很多知識的人）說，
people should drink alcohol “in moderation” (in a controlled way and not too much). Men should have no more than two drinks per day and women no more than one drink per day. If you do not smoke, don't start, but if you smoke, get help to quit. Eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fat-free and low-fat “dairy products” (products related to milk), and seafood. Get plenty of exercise every week, including “moderate-intensity” (working the heart pretty hard) and “high-intensity” (working the heart very hard) activity.
人們應該「適度」飲酒（以受控的方式且不要過量）。男性每天不應超過兩杯酒，女性每天不應超過一杯。如果你不吸煙，不要開始，但如果你吸煙，尋求幫助戒煙。多吃水果、蔬菜、全穀物、無脂肪和低脂肪的「乳製品」（與牛奶有關的產品）和海鮮。每週進行足夠的運動，包括「中等強度」（讓心臟工作得相當努力）和「高強度」（讓心臟工作得非常努力）的活動。
People who do all four of these healthy things are 66 percent less likely to die early from “cancer,” the disease where “abnormal” (not normal) cells in the body divide and grow in abnormal ways. And 65 percent of people are less likely to die early from “cardiovascular” (related to the heart) disease.
做這四件健康事情的人早逝於「癌症」（身體內的「異常」（不正常）細胞以異常方式分裂和增長的疾病）的可能性降低66%。而早逝於「心血管」（與心臟有關的）疾病的可能性降低65%。
重要單字
- Physical activity /ˈfɪzɪkəl ækˈtɪvɪti/ 體力活動
- Nutrition /njuˈtrɪʃən/ 營養
- Tobacco use /təˈbækoʊ juz/ 煙草使用
- Alcohol consumption /ˈælkəˌhɔl kənˈsʌmpʃən/ 酒精消費
- Chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/ 慢性的
- Lifestyle /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ 生活方式
- Diet /ˈdaɪət/ 飲食
- Cause /kɔz/ 原因
- Expert /ˈɛkspərt/ 專家
- In moderation /ɪn ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃən/ 適度地
- Dairy products /ˈdɛri ˈprɒdʌkts/ 乳製品
- Moderate-intensity /ˈmɒdərɪt ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/ 中等強度
- High-intensity /haɪ ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/ 高強度
- Cancer /ˈkænsər/ 癌症
- Abnormal /æbˈnɔrməl/ 異常的
- Cardiovascular /ˌkɑrdiˈoʊvæskjʊlər/ 心血管的
